(1) The court may award attorney fees and costs to a respondent provider if:
(a)
(i) a prelitigation review panel renders an opinion under Subsection 78B-3-418(2)(a) that a claimant's claim or cause of action has no merit; or
(ii) the court finds that the claimant did not receive a certificate of compliance because the plaintiff failed to reasonably cooperate in the scheduling of the prelitigation panel review under Subsection 78B-3-416(4)(f);
(b) the claimant proceeds to litigate the malpractice action against a health care provider without obtaining an affidavit of merit under Section 78B-3-423; and
(c) the court finds that the claimant did not substantially prevail.
(2) A claimant in a malpractice action against a health care provider, or the claimant's attorney, is liable to any respondent for the reasonable attorney fees and costs incurred by the respondent, or by the respondent's insurer, in connection with any filing, submission, panel review, arbitration, or judicial proceeding under this part for which a claimant files or submits an affidavit containing an allegation that the court or arbitrator finds that the claimant knew, or should have known, to be baseless or false at the time the affidavit was signed, filed, or submitted.
(3) A court, or an arbitrator under Section 78B-3-421, may award reasonable attorney fees or costs under Subsection (1) only if the respondent files a motion for the attorney fees or costs no later than 60 days after the day on which the court's or arbitrator's final decision, judgment, or dismissal of all claims in the action is entered.