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135 Ind. 664

Bement v. May

Indiana Supreme Court

Decided May 23, 1893

Indiana Supreme Court · decided 1893-05-23

<p>Judoment. — Review of. — Assignment of Error. — Sufficiency of. — Ground for New Trial. — An assignment of error, in a proceeding to review a judgment, as well as an appeal, is insufficient where the assignment is only a cause for a new trial.</p> <p>Bill of Exceptions. — Matter Stricken Out. — Sow Referred to in Bill. —Practice.—Where a question sought to be reviewed is the exclusion, from an affidavit for a continuance, of certain language, and the bill of exceptions attempts to show what part of the affidavit is stricken out, by referring to the page and line of the affidavit, where the same begun and where ended, the court can not know that the pages and lines of the affidavit, as copied into the record, are the same as the original, and no question is presented as to that ruling. The proper mode would have been to embody in the bill the language stricken out.</p> <p>Instructions to Jury. — Joint Assignment of Several Instructions.— When Available Error. — Where the giving, or refusal to give, several instructions is assigned as error, and the assignment joins all of the instructions by the conjunction “and,” in such case there can be no available error, unless all the instructions given and so joined, or all the instructions refused and so joined, are erroneous.</p> <p>Compromise. — Contract.—Prevention of Litigation.— Consideration.— Instructions to Jury. — In an action on a compromise agreement for the prevention of litigation, an instruction that “If the plaintiff had no legal claim against the defendant at the time of the alleged agreement and compromise, it would be what is called, in law, a naked promise, and void,” is palpably wrong, a valid legal cause of action not being necessary to support such an agreement.</p> <p>Change of Venue. — Court Buie.' — When Not Barred by. — Diligence.— Where a party does not apply for a change of venue within the time limited by court rule, but applies therefor afterwards, alleging as a cause bias and prejudice of which he had no knowledge until the making of the affidavit, the party is entitled to the change, it not being necessary to allege that affiant had used diligence to learn of the existence of such prejudice at an earlier date.</p> <p>New Trial. — Motion for. — Decisions and Exceptions Carried Forward. —Change of Venue. — A motion for a new trial, under the proviso of section 626, R. S. 1881, carries forward all decisions and exceptions thereto which are legally assignable as grounds for a new trial, to the time the motion is overruled, among which decisions is a ruling on a change of venue.</p> <p>Bill of Exceptions. — When Properly Authenticated. — Change of Venue. —Judges, Begular and Pro Tern. — Functions of Each. — Where a change of venue is taken from the regular presiding judge, and another is duly appointed and assumes jurisdiction of the case, the regular judge can perform no further functions in the case. And, in such case, where there are two bills of exceptions wholly dissimilar, except the formal beginning and conclusion, the one signed by the regular judge, the other following and signed by the judge pro tern., the bill signed by the judge pro tem. can not embrace and authenticate the bill signed by the regular judge; and, therefore, the matters contained in the bill signed by the regular judge are not in the record, not being properly authenticated.</p> <p>Opinion on petition for rehearing by McCabe, J.</p>

Cited in Bouvier (1914)’s definition of “Compromise”

Good law ✅— No negative treatment on recordhow we know

Decided 1893-05-23

How this case has been cited

Cited by 28 later decisions — most recently May 1938 · most notably Scanlin v. Stewart (1894), Wilson v. Johnson (1894)

28 state decisions

10018931900191019201930decided

Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.

View the full empirical analysis of this case →

¶1On Petition for a Rehearing.

McCabe, C. J.

¶2A very earnest petition for a rehearing is presented, in which appellant has enlisted our careful attention by confining his complaint to a single question, though very many questions were decided against him in the original opinion. It is earnestly contended that we erred in holding that there were two bills of exceptions in the record instead of one.

¶3It is not so important to determine whether there are two bills of exceptions in the record, as it is to determine whether the refusal of appellant’s application for a change of venue from the county was brought into the record by a bill of exceptions, allowed and signed by Judge Taylor *681long after the jurisdiction over the case had passed, on a change granted by him to Judge McNutt, and while the latter still retained that jurisdiction.

¶4The record recites that “on the 4th day of November, 1891, the same being within the time allowed by the court to file the same, the defendant filed in the office of the clerk of the Vigo Circuit Court his bill of exceptions in the above entitled cause, said bill of exceptions being in the words and figures following, to wit:” (After stating the title of the cause, State, county and court, it begins as follows): “Be it remembered that on the 15th day of August, 1891, it being the-judicial day of the adjourned May term of said court, the following pleas and proceedings were had in said cause before the Hon. David N. Taylor, sole judge of said court.” Then follows a recital of those proceedings, among which were the affidavit and motion for a change of venue from the county, and refusal thereof and exception thereto. And, at the close of said proceedings, purporting to be a bill of exceptions, commemorating and. bringing them into the record, is the following conclusion: “That thereupon, on the same day the defendant moved the court for a change of venue from the judge of said court, the Hon. David N. Taylor, and filed and submitted his affidavit in support thereof, which motion was sustained by the court, and this case was set for trial before the Hon. Cyrus F. McNutt, judge of the Superior Court of Vigo county, and the defendant now tenders this, his bill of exceptions, and prays the same may be signed, sealed and made a part of the record, which is done. Presented this 23d day of October, 1891.

¶5“ David N. Taylor.”

¶6We are asked to hold that the foregoing is not a bill of exceptions presented to, allowed and signed by, Judge Taylor, as the judge of the Circuit Court of Vigo county, *682in relation to proceedings had before him in the Vigo Circuit Court. If language could be so framed as to make it a proper bill of exceptions presented to, allowed and signed by him, the language above quoted has done so. To avoid this inevitable conclusion, we are asked to regard the conclusion of the bill, and Judge Taylor’s signature, as mere surplusage, and then connect this bill with what we treated in the original opinion as another bill of exceptions, signed by Judge McNutt, as all one bill of exceptions signed and allowed by Judge Mc-Nutt.

¶7The difficulty we should encounter in adopting such a course is that the appellee would have the same right, and we would be under the same obligation to treat the concluding part of what is claimed as the bill of exceptions, signed by Judge McNutt, as well as his signature thereto, as mere surplusage, and, therefore, declare that there is no°bill of exceptions in the record, a conclusion just as fatal to appellant as that before reached.

¶8The law recognizing the possibility that attorneys may not agree about what took place in the trial court as to collateral matters not legitimately a part of the record proper, has provided that such matters may be brought into the record by a bill of exceptions allowed and signed by the judge before whom such matters occurred. When the statement of counsel differs in any respect from this authentic memorial which the law makes the exclusive source of information to us, we are bound to believe its statements instead of counsel, not because of lack of confidence in counsel, but because we are to receive our information alone from the record. The rule that allows courts, in construing a pleading or contract or other instrument, to treat certain parts as surplusage, has no application to a bill of exceptions, at least, no application to this particular case.

Filed Nov. 28, 1893.

¶9It is insisted that what follows immediately after Judge Taylor’s signature, namely: “Be it remembered that on the 25th day of-, 1891, etc.,” and winding up with a formal conclusion of a bill of exceptions, to which Judge McNutt’s signature is attached as judge pro tem., would fail to constitute a proper bill of exceptions for want of a proper caption, and for want of a statement in the record that it had been filed in the clerk’s office, unless the bill of exceptions signed'’ by Judge Taylor is taken as a part of the bill of exceptions signed by Judge McNutt.

¶10If that contention were allowed to prevail, it would result in destroying one bill of exceptions in order to make another. We did not pass on the question, in the former opinion, whether the defect suggested in what was treated as a bill of exceptions signed by Judge McNutt, was such as to render that hill of exceptions invalid or not.

¶11Whether it was a valid bill of exceptions or not, was not necessary to be determined, because, in either event, the conclusion reached must be the same.

¶12The petition for a rehearing is overruled.

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