Valle v. Stengel’s Empirical Analysis
176 F.2d 697 · 1949
Citation profile
35 federal appellate · 9 district · 6 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 77 later decisions (1 by the Supreme Court) — most recently September 2012 · most notably Monroe v. Pape (1961), Basista v. Weir (1965)
35 federal appellate · 9 district · 6 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 18 U.S.C. § 242 · 28 U.S.C. § 2 · 28 U.S.C. § 3 · 8 U.S.C. § 41
Relies on Screws v. United States · United States v. Classic · Civil Rights Cases · Slaughter-House Cases the Butchers' Benevolent Association of New Orleans v. The Crescent City Live · Paul v. Virginia
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 77 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“* * * the plaintiffs were denied equal protection of the laws within the purview of the Fourteenth Amendment because they were Negroes or acting in association with Negroes when they attempted to gain admission to the pool at Palisade Park. They, or some of them, were ejected from the park, were assaulted and were imprisoned falsely, as alleged in the complaint, because they were Negroes, or were in association with Negroes, and were denied the right to make or enforce contracts, all within the purview of and prohibited by the provisions of [1981]. 8”
1 later decision quote this exact passage“All persons within the jurisdiction of the United States shall have the same right in every State and Territory to make and enforce contracts, to sue, be parties, give evidence, and to the full and equal benefit of all laws and proceedings for the security of persons and property as is enjoyed by white citizens, and shall be subject to like punishment, pains, penalties, taxes, licenses, and exactions of every kind, and to no other.”
1 later decision quote this exact passagee.g. Mahone v. Waddle““[t]he fact that Stengel, a law-enforcement officer, was acting in defiance of the law * * * will not serve as a defense and, since the complaint alleges in effect that he aided and abetted the corporate defendant and the managing defendants, his actions may be attributed to them and treated as their own.””
1 later decision quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.