8 U.S.C. § 41
Section 41 · 41 to 43. Transferred
Applied in 72 court decisions — leading case Bell v. Hood (1946)
Most recently applied in Juarez v. Northwestern Mutual Life Insurance (November 2014)
How often courts cite this section
Court decisions citing this, by year.Markers show enactment, consequential amendments, and circuit splits over this section — watch for a citation surge after a change or a disagreement. The dip in the last several years is a data-coverage gap, not a real trend — our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so recent citations are undercounted.