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190 Pa. 471

Steinmeyer v. Siebert

Supreme Court of Pennsylvania

Decided March 27, 1899

Supreme Court of Pennsylvania · decided 1899-03-27

<p>Equity — Adequate remedy — Betrayal of confidence — Fraud—Specific perfórmame — Personal property.</p> <p>The rule that jurisdiction in equity will not be entertained to decree a ° J. specific performance respecting goods, chattels, stocks and other tilings of a merely personal nature is limited to oases where a compensation in damages will furnish a complete remedy. Where the wrong is a betrayal of confidence equity will decree restitution, which may be enforced specifically against the wrongdoer.</p> <p>A court of equity will sustain a bill to recover stock which it is alleged had been fraudulently obtained by one who stood in a confidential relation to the true owner of the stock.</p> <p>Equity — Equity practice — Findings of fact — Review.</p> <p>The findings of a judge sitting as a chancellor, on conflicting evidence, will not be reversed, except on clear evidence of mistake. An apparent preponderance of testimony against the findings is not sufficient to lead to a reversal, if there is testimony, whieh, if believed, will warrant them. They are not conclusive upon the appellate court, but they will not be disturbed, except for error whieh clearly appears.</p>

Relies on McGowin v. Remington · Pennsylvania Co. for Insurance on Lives & Granting Annuities v. Franklin Fire Insurance · Hancock v. Melloy

Good law ✅— No negative treatment on recordhow we know

Affirmed · Decided 1899-03-27

How this case has been cited

Cited by 48 later decisions — most recently July 1995 · most notably In Re the Estate of McKinley (1975), Quein Will (1948)

47 state decisions

10018991900191019201930194019501960197019801990decided

Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.

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¶1Opinion by

Mr. Justice Fell,

¶2. The contention that the plaintiff was not entitled to proceed in equity because he had an adequate remedy at law cannot be sustained. No contract in relation to the stock of the Ewalt Bridge Company is set up by the bill, but it is alleged therein that the defendant Siebert never had any right to or interest in the stock, and that he obtained the legal title thereto fraudulently and by the abuse of the relation of trust and confidence in which he stood to the real owner. The prayers of the bill were for discovery, an account and for transfer of the stock. The rule that jurisdiction in equity will not be entertained to decree a specific performance respecting goods, chattels, stocks and other things of a merely personal nature is limited to cases where a compensation in damages will furnish a complete remedy. Where the wrong is a betrayal of confidence equity will decree restitution, which may be enforced specifically against the wrongdoer. In McGowin v. Remington, 12 Pa. 56, a clerk was compelled to surrender drafts, maps, plans, etc., which he had withheld from his employer; in Abbott’s Executor v. Reeves, 49 Pa. 494, persons who had borrowed stocks and bonds from an executor were required to make restitution; in The Penn*475sylvania Co. v. Franklin Fire Ins. Co., 181 Pa. 40, the defendant was required to issue new certificates of stock to an owner whose certificates had been transferred under forged powers of attorney. In the case last cited it was said by our Brother Dkan that on the ground that an action at law would be an inadequate remedy “ equitable jurisdiction in suits by shareholders against the corporation has, on like prayers, been frequently sustained both in the English courts and our own.”

¶3The established rule under the former practice was that the findings of a master on conflicting evidence, approved by the court, would not be reversed except on clear evidence of mistake: Stocker v. Hutter, 134 Pa. 19: Brotherton Bros. v. Reynolds, 164 Pa. 134. The same rule applies to the findings of fact of a judge sitting as a chancellor under the new equity rules; his findings are not conclusive upon us, but they will not be disturbed except for error which clearly appears. An apparent preponderance of testimony against them is not sufficient to lead to a reversal, if there is testimony which if believed will warrant them. The credibility of witnesses, and in a large degree the conclusions to be drawn from their testimony, which depends upon their character, intelligence and knowledge of the subject, can be determined much better by the judge who hears them than by us on appeal: Stockett v. Ryan, 176 Pa. 71; Com. v. Stevens, 178 Pa. 543; Hancock v. Melloy, 187 Pa. 371. We have referred to this subject, not because we have entertained any doubt as to the correctness of the conclusions reached in this case, but in order that it may be better understood by the profession, as many cases come here on appeal in which the real question, as in this, is one of fact to be determined by the consideration of conflicting evidence. The findings of fact of the learned judge are stated with clearness and precision, and we have no hesitation in accepting them as abundantly sustained by the testimony.

¶4The decree is affirmed at the cost of the appellant.

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