[Cite as In re K.P.,
2021-Ohio-552.]
COURT OF APPEALS
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO
FIFTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
JUDGES:
IN THE MATTER OF: Hon. W. Scott Gwin, P. J.
Hon. John W. Wise, J.
Hon. Earle E. Wise, Jr., J.
K. P. Case No. 20 CA 000021
OPINION
CHARACTER OF PROCEEDING: Appeal from the Court of Common Pleas,
Juvenile Division, Case No. 18 JC 408
JUDGMENT: Affirmed
DATE OF JUDGMENT ENTRY: March 1, 2021
APPEARANCES:
For Appellant Mother For Appellee GCCS
JEANETTE M. MOLL MELISSA M. WILSON
JEANETTE M. MOLL LLC 274 Highland Avenue
P. O. Box 461 Cambridge, Ohio 43725
Zanesville, Ohio 43702
For Father For CASA
JENNIFER ZAAYER MAGGIE BOYD LaPLANTE
10845 Madison Township Road 56 139 W. 8th Street
Mount Perry, Ohio 43760 Cambridge, Ohio 43725
Guernsey County, Case No. 20 CA 000021 2
Wise, John, J.
{¶ 1} Appellant-Mother B.W. appeals from the judgment entered in Guernsey
County Court of Common Pleas, Juvenile Court Division, which terminated all parental
rights, privileges and responsibilities of the parents with regard to the minor child K.P. and
ordered that permanent custody of the minor child be granted to Guernsey County
Children Services.
{¶ 2} This appeal is expedited, and is being considered pursuant to App.R.
11.2(C). The relevant facts leading to this appeal are as follows:
STATEMENT OF THE FACTS AND CASE
{¶ 3} This appeal pertains to the permanent custody disposition of the minor child
K.P. (DOB 5/21/2018). K.P. is the child of Brittney W. fka Brittney E. and John P.
{¶ 4} On October 4, 2018, Guernsey County Children Services (GCCS) filed a
complaint alleging that K.P. was a dependent child. An Ex Parte Order of Custody was
issued, and the child was placed in the emergency custody of GCCS. Prior to October 4,
2018, the child had been placed in an out-of-home safety plan with three different kinship
placements from May 24, 2018, to October 4, 2018. The child has never been in the
physical custody of the mother or father since birth.
{¶ 5} On December 28, 2018, the child was adjudicated Dependent pursuant to
R.C. §2151.04(c) and placed in the temporary custody of GCCS.
{¶ 6} On January 4, 2019, the trial court held a Dispositional Hearing, following
which temporary custody of the child was continued with GCCS.
{¶ 7} On April 1, 2019 and June 18, 2019, the trial court held Review Hearings.
{¶ 8} On September 11, 2019, the trial court held an Annual Review Hearing.
Guernsey County, Case No. 20 CA 000021 3
{¶ 9} On December 13, 2019, March 6, 2020, and June 2, 2020, the trial court
held Review Hearings.
{¶ 10} On July 15, 2020, GCCS filed a Motion to Modify Dispositional Orders to
one of Permanent Custody to GCCS.
{¶ 11} On October 27, 2020, a hearing was held on GCCS’ Motion for Permanent
Custody. At the hearing, the trial court received evidence and heard testimony from
Family Support Specialist Darius Jones, Caseworker Annika Burga, Caseworker Staci
Yakupcak, Appellant-Mother BW, Appellant-Mother’s husband Michael W., and CASA
Julia Dowling.
{¶ 12} Family Support Specialist Darius Jones (FSS Jones) testified that
Appellant-Mother’s first visit with her child was July 29, 2019. (T. at 12). FSS Jones stated
that when "we first set up visits, visitation went very well. Throughout I would say a month
or so, they started to get a little sporadic as well. I would say over all, visits have been
inconsistent to the point where I had to contact Appellant-Mother and let her know that
she needed to either arrive at the agency early, or contact me prior to the day of the visit,
or at least a decent time of the day of the visit to let me know she would attend so that I
can inform foster parents, and they could transport K.P. in the visits." (T. at 13).
{¶ 13} FSS Jones reviewed the visits that Appellant-Mother attended beginning
with the July 29, 2019, visit. Thereafter, between October 29, 2019, and October 20, 2020,
Appellant-Mother cancelled or failed to show for approximately 25 visits. (T. at 14-16). In
total, between July 29, 2019, and October 20, 2020, she only attended a total of 14 visits,
which amounted to approximately 14 hours of time spent with K.P. (T. at 16).
Guernsey County, Case No. 20 CA 000021 4
{¶ 14} Ongoing Caseworker Annika Burga testified that Appellant-Mother was not
substantially compliant with her case plan. She stated that Appellant-Mother was asked
to complete a drug and alcohol assessment and follow all recommendations. She was
also required to demonstrate an ability to maintain sobriety for an extended period of time
(T. at 35). Appellant-Mother worked a sober living program at Alvis House in Columbus
when she was released from prison in addition to completing the IOP program. (Id.)
Appellant-Mother was asked to complete an assessment at Guernsey Health Choices on
March 5, 2020, due to a positive drug screen, which she did on September 2, 2020. (Tr.
Pg. 36) In addition, Caseworker Burga testified that the Court, on March 4, 2020, also
recommended that the Mother get into drug and alcohol services again, which she failed
to do until September 2, 2020. (T. at 36).
{¶ 15} Mother was requested to complete random drug screens through the
Agency or her provider, and any refusal would be considered a positive. (T. at 36)
Caseworker Burga testified to those screens. (T. at 37). Appellant-Mother had negative
screens through Alvis House between 5/28/19 and 8/27/19. (Id.) Caseworker Burga also
testified as to drug screens given by GCCS. Appellant-Mother tested positive on 6/19/18
for amphetamine, methamphetamine, cocaine, BZE, EMA, which is a B metabolites of
cocaine; on 3/5/20 for THC; on 8/26/20 for amphetamine, methamphetamine, THC and
buprenorphine; on 9/30/20 for buprenorphine; and on 10/2/20 for buprenorphine. (T. at
39). Caseworker Burga testified that the Mother does have a valid prescription for
buprenorphine. (Id.) Caseworker Burga testified that Appellant-Mother refused a drug
screen on May 15, 2020 and admitted to THC use.
Guernsey County, Case No. 20 CA 000021 5
{¶ 16} Appellant-Mother was asked to attend and complete a parenting
assessment at a provider of choice and follow all recommendations and demonstrate
appropriate parenting skills while interacting with K.P. (T. at 40). Caseworker Burga
testified that on June 14, 2019, Appellant-Mother did start a parenting group at Alvis
House and graduated from that program on August 17, 2019. (Id.)
{¶ 17} Appellant-Mother was also asked to complete a mental health assessment
at a provider of choice and follow all recommendations and demonstrate proper coping
mechanisms for stress (Id.) Caseworker Burga testified that this was completed on July
24, 2019, at Alvis House. Appellant-Mother was diagnosed with bipolar disorder and
anxiety and was prescribed medication. (T. at 41). When Mother finished Alvis House,
she refused to continue those medications. (Id.)
{¶ 18} On September 2, 2020, Appellant-Mother completed a mental health
assessment at Guernsey Health Choices. (Id.) Appellant-Mother was recommended for
weekly services of outpatient mental health, substance use disorder, anxiety symptoms,
recovery support, relapse prevents and substance disorder education. (Id.) She was
asked to do this assessment due to a new report received by the Agency on August 26,
2020, and her positive drug screen for methamphetamine, amphetamine, THC and
buprenorphine. (T. at 42).
{¶ 19} Ongoing Caseworker Staci Yakupcak testified that she had been the
caseworker for the family for less than a month at the time of the Permanent Custody
hearing. (T. at 63). She also testified as to drug screens of Appellant-Mother. She stated
that on October 15, 2020, Appellant-Mother tested positive for oxycodone, for which she
had a prescription. Caseworker Yakupcak also testified as to the drug screens from Spero
Guernsey County, Case No. 20 CA 000021 6
Health where Appellant-Mother is prescribed Buprenorphine. (Id.) On July 2, 2020, she
tested positive for Buprenorphine, Norbuprenorphine, Gabapentin, and THC. On August
6, 2020, she was positive for Buprenorphine, Norbuprenorphine, Naloxone, Gabapentin,
and THC. On September 3, 2020, she was positive for Buprenorphine, Norbuprenorphine,
Naloxone, Gabapentin and THC. (Id) On October 1, 2020, she was positive for
Buprenorphine, Norbuprenorphine, Naloxone, Gabapentin, THC, Desmethylcitalopram,
and October 8, 2020 positive for Buprenorphine. (Tr. P. 64 and 65). Caseworker
Yakupcak testified that on October 9, 2020, Appellant-Mother tested positive for
Buprenorphine, Norbuprenorphine, Naloxone and THC metabolites for Guernsey Health
Choices. (Id.) Caseworker Yakupcak testified that Appellant-Mother did not have a
medical marijuana card. She further testified that Mother received a prescription for
gabapentin on September 28, 2020. (Id.) She indicated that she tested positive for
gabapentin without a prescription on July 2, 2020, August 6, 2020, and September 28,
2020. (Id.)
{¶ 20} Ms. Yakupcak also testified that Appellant-Mother was not in compliance
with Guernsey Health Choices for October, 2020. (T. at 66).
{¶ 21} With regard to possible kinship placements, Caseworker Burga testified that
there were three kinship individuals identified that provided safety plans originally for the
child. (T. at 51). In 2018, GCCS looked into Michael W., who is now Appellant-Mother’s
current husband. (Id.) The kinship process was initiated but at the time he was living with
people that had known criminal history, so it was explained that he would not be able to
take K.P. into that home. However, he was advised that if he were to get a new home, he
Guernsey County, Case No. 20 CA 000021 7
was to contact the agency. (Id.) He then reported that he was going to work as a truck
driver and go back over the road. (Id.)
{¶ 22} Ricky Early was also considered for kinship placement, but he was unable
to care for K.P. because he and his partner both had full time jobs. (T. at 52). Amy
Shepherd, the biological Father’s ex-wife, called the Agency to be considered as kinship.
(Id.) However, Ms. Shepherd has extensive child welfare history and was denied due to
not having any further communication with the agency. (Id.)
{¶ 23} On August 26, 2020, Appellant-Mother again asked if Michael W. could be
considered for kinship. After consulting with Supervisor Angela Grywalsky, the Agency
felt that it was in K.P.' s best interest not to go through the kinship home study with Michael
W., as he was living with Appellant-Mother and had no type of bond with K.P. (Id.)
{¶ 24} Appellant-Mother had another child, which the Agency learned about in
August, 2020, when it received a new report with concerns for that child. A drug screen
was given to Appellant-Mother on August 26, 2020, which was positive for
methamphetamine, amphetamine, THC and buprenorphine. (T. at 42). For a period of
time an out of home safety plan was put in place for that child, which was then changed
to a task list as of September 16, 2020. (T. at 43). Michael W. is responsible for the care
of that child, and when he has to go to work, either the out-of-home safety plan person
(Janelle Olson) or Appellant-Mother's mother, Mary, is to babysit the child. (T. at 44).
Appellant-Mother is not to be alone with her new baby. (T. at 66). Caseworker Yakupcak
testified that if the Agency were to find out that Appellant-Mother was alone with her
newborn, the Agency would investigate doing a safety plan, custody, or whatever was
necessary to keep the child safe. (T. at 66).
Guernsey County, Case No. 20 CA 000021 8
{¶ 25} Caseworker Burga testified that K.P. is well bonded with his Foster Parents,
Jessica and David Davis. (T. at 53). She stated that as of the date of the permanent
custody hearing, K.P. has been in Agency custody for 754 days. (T. at 48). The concerns
of the Agency are that the Mother has had a positive drug screen for illegal drugs in the
last 90 days, that she has not been consistent with visitation the entire time GCCS has
been involved, and that she herself stated that there is no bond between her and K.P. (T.
at 48-49).
{¶ 26} Caseworker Burga further testified that even if given additional time, K.P.
could not be reunified with either of his parents. (T. at 50). She indicated that "K.P. has
been out of the Mother's care for 887 days. He has either been on a safety plan or in
agency custody. I don't believe that there will be enough time to build a bond considering
he's been out of the home that many days, and there has not been consistent visitation
to grow that bond, and I believe it's too late at this point." (Id.)
{¶ 27} The CASA/GAL Julia Dowling testified that she believed that permanent
custody was in the best interest of the child. (T. at 97). When asked whether she had
concerns with the Mother's lack of engagement with the child she responded, "I think in
my opinion, and it's just my opinion, it's a little too late." (Id.)
{¶ 28} By Judgment Entry filed November 9, 2020, the trial court granted
permanent custody of the minor child K.P. to GCCS.
{¶ 29} Appellant-Mother now appeals, raising the following assignments of error:
ASSIGNMENTS OF ERROR
{¶ 30} "I. THE JUDGMENT OF THE TRIAL COURT THAT THE BEST
INTERESTS OF THE MINOR CHILD WOULD BE SERVED BY THE GRANTING OF
Guernsey County, Case No. 20 CA 000021 9
PERMANENT CUSTODY WAS AGAINST THE MANIFEST WEIGHT AND
SUFFICIENCY OF THE EVIDENCE.
{¶ 31} “II. THERE WAS NOT CLEAR AND CONVINCING EVIDENCE FOR THE
TRIAL COURT TO FIND THAT THE MINOR CHILD SHOULD NOT BE PLACED WITH
APPELLANT AND THAT IT WAS IN THE MINOR CHILD'S BEST INTEREST TO BE
PLACED IN THE PERMANENT CUSTODY OF GUERNSEY COUNTY CHILDREN'S
SERVICES.”
I., II.
{¶ 32} Appellant has not separately addressed her two assignments of error. We
shall therefore address them together as Appellant did in her argument.
{¶ 33} In her two assignments of error, Appellant argues the trial court erred in
finding that it was in the minor child’s best interest to be placed in the permanent custody
of GCCS. We disagree.
{¶ 34} As an appellate court, we neither weigh the evidence nor judge the
credibility of the witnesses. Our role is to determine whether there is relevant, competent
and credible evidence upon which the fact finder could base its judgment. Cross Truck v.
Jeffries, Stark App. No. CA5758 (Feb. 10, 1982). Accordingly, judgments supported by
some competent, credible evidence going to all the essential elements of the case will not
be reversed as being against the manifest weight of the evidence. C.E. Morris Co. v.
Foley Constr., 54 Ohio St.2d 279,
376 N.E.2d 578 (1978).
{¶ 35} R.C. §2151.414 sets forth the guidelines a trial court must follow when
deciding a motion for permanent custody. R.C. §2151.414(A)(1) mandates the trial court
schedule a hearing and provide notice upon the filing of a motion for permanent custody
Guernsey County, Case No. 20 CA 000021 10
of a child by a public children services agency or private child placing agency that has
temporary custody of the child or has placed the child in long-term foster care.
{¶ 36} Following the hearing, R.C. §2151.414(B) authorizes the juvenile court to
grant permanent custody of the child to the public or private agency if the court
determines, by clear and convincing evidence, it is in the best interest of the child to grant
permanent custody to the agency, and that any of the following apply: (a) the child is not
abandoned or orphaned, and the child cannot be placed with either of the child's parents
within a reasonable time or should not be placed with the child's parents; (b) the child is
abandoned; (c) the child is orphaned and there are no relatives of the child who are able
to take permanent custody; or (d) the child has been in the temporary custody of one or
more public children services agencies or private child placement agencies for twelve or
more months of a consecutive twenty-two month period ending on or after March 18,
1999.
{¶ 37} In determining the best interest of the child at a permanent custody hearing,
R.C. §2151.414(D) mandates the trial court must consider all relevant factors, including,
but not limited to, the following: (1) the interaction and interrelationship of the child with
the child's parents, siblings, relatives, foster parents and out-of-home providers, and any
other person who may significantly affect the child; (2) the wishes of the child as
expressed directly by the child or through the child's guardian ad litem, with due regard
for the maturity of the child; (3) the custodial history of the child; and (4) the child's need
for a legally secure permanent placement and whether that type of placement can be
achieved without a grant of permanent custody.
Guernsey County, Case No. 20 CA 000021 11
{¶ 38} Therefore, R.C. §2151.414(B) establishes a two-pronged analysis the trial
court must apply when ruling on a motion for permanent custody. In practice, the trial
court will usually determine whether one of the four circumstances delineated in R.C.
§2151.414(B)(1)(a) through (d) is present before proceeding to a determination regarding
the best interest of the child.
{¶ 39} Here, R.C. §2151.414(B)(1)(d) applies as the child has been in the
temporary custody of the Agency for twelve or more months of the consecutive twenty-
two month period. The trial court found that the minor child had been out of the mother’s
care for 887 days.
{¶ 40} The trial court also found that the child had been abandoned. R.C.
§2151.141(B)(1)(b).
{¶ 41} The trial court then turned its focus to whether the child cannot be placed
with either parent within a reasonable period of time or should not be placed with the
parents. R.C. §2151.414(B)(1)(a).
{¶ 42} The trial court found that Appellant-Mother has had six children, and only
the four month old child is currently in her custody. All her other children are in the legal
custody of other persons. The court noted that there has been a history of eighteen
reports to GCCS over the years regarding Appellant-Mother's care of her children. The
court also found that neither Appellant-Mother nor her current husband have any bond
with K.P. The only family this child, who was 29 months old at that time, has known in the
last 2 ½ years is his foster parents.
{¶ 43} Under R.C. §2151.414(E), the trial court must consider all relevant evidence
before making this determination. The trial court is required to enter such a finding if it
Guernsey County, Case No. 20 CA 000021 12
determines, by clear and convincing evidence, that one or more of the factors enumerated
in R.C. §2151.414(E)(1) through (16) exist with respect to each of the child's parents.
{¶ 44} Upon review, as set forth in detail above, we find the evidence at the
Permanent Custody hearing shows that Appellant-Mother was not in compliance with her
case plan, that she continued to test positive for illegal substances, that she did not
actively participate in visitation with her child, and that she lacked a bond with her minor
child.
{¶ 45} Based upon the foregoing, we find there was clear and convincing evidence
to support the trial court's finding that it was in the best interest of the children to grant
permanent custody to PCCS, and that said decision is not against the manifest weight of
the evidence.
{¶ 46} Appellant-Mother’s assignments of error are overruled.
{¶ 47} The judgment of the Court of Common Pleas, Juvenile Division, Guernsey
County, Ohio, is affirmed.
By: Wise, John, J.
Gwin, P. J., and
Wise, Earle, J., concur.
JWW/kw 0225
