26 U.S.C. § 903
Section 903 · Credit for taxes in lieu of income, etc., taxes
Amended 5 times on record
Applied in 14 court decisions — leading case Tax Analysts & Advocates v. Blumenthal (1977)
Most recently applied in 118 Fed. Cl. 549 - Albemarle Corporation & Subsidiaries v. United States (October 2014)
How often courts cite this section
Court decisions citing this, by year.Markers show enactment, consequential amendments, and circuit splits over this section — watch for a citation surge after a change or a disagreement. The dip in the last several years is a data-coverage gap, not a real trend — our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so recent citations are undercounted.
For purposes of this part and of sections 164(a) and 275(a), the term “income, war profits, and excess profits taxes” shall include a tax paid in lieu of a tax on income, war profits, or excess profits otherwise generally imposed by any foreign country or by any possession of the United States.
Editorial notes U.S. Code · Office of the Law Revision Counsel
Amendments
2004—Pub. L. 108–357 substituted “164(a)” for “114, 164(a),”.
2000—Pub. L. 106–519 substituted “114, 164(a),” for “164(a)”.
1988—Pub. L. 100–647 substituted “this part” for “this subpart”.
1964—Pub. L. 88–272 substituted “sections 164(a) and 275(a)” for “section 164(b)”.
Effective Date of 2004 Amendment
Amendment by Pub. L. 108–357 applicable to transactions after Dec. 31, 2004, see section 101(c) of Pub. L. 108–357, set out as a note under section 56 of this title.
Effective Date of 2000 Amendment
Amendment by Pub. L. 106–519 applicable to transactions after Sept. 30, 2000, with special rules relating to existing foreign sales corporations, see section 5 of Pub. L. 106–519, set out as a note under section 56 of this title.
Effective Date of 1988 Amendment
Amendment by Pub. L. 100–647 effective, except as otherwise provided, as if included in the provision of the Tax Reform Act of 1986, Pub. L. 99–514, to which such amendment relates, see section 1019(a) of Pub. L. 100–647, set out as a note under section 1 of this title.
Effective Date of 1964 Amendment
Amendment by Pub. L. 88–272 applicable to taxable years beginning after Dec. 31, 1963, see section 207(c) of Pub. L. 88–272, set out as a note under section 164 of this title.