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303 U.S. 36

Munro v. United States

Supreme Court of the United States

Argued January 6, 7, 1938.

Decided January 31, 1938.

Supreme Court of the United States · decided 1938-01-31

3 counsel of record

Key passage — most relied on by later courts

“Suits against the United States can be maintained only by permission, in the manner prescribed and subject to the restrictions imposed.”

quoted by 2 later decisions, including United States v. Mitchell, Kokotis v. United States Postal Service

““(a) In the event of disagreement as to claim, including claim for refund of premiums, under contract of National Service Life Insurance, United States Government life insurance, or yearly renewable term insurance between the Veterans’ Administration and any person or persons claiming thereunder an action on the claim may be brought against the United States either in the United States District Court for the District of Columbia or in the district court of the United States in and for the district in which such person or any one of them resides, and jurisdiction is conferred upon such courts to hear and determine all such controversies. * •* * “(b) No suit on yearly renewable term insurance, United States Government life insurance, or National Service Life Insurance shall be allowed under this section unless the same shall have been brought within six years after the right accrued for which the claim is made. For the purposes of this section it shall be deemed that the right accrued on the happening of the contingency on which the claim is founded. The limitation of six years is suspended for the period elapsing between the filing in the Veterans’ Administration of the claim sued upon and the denial of said claim: Provided, That in any ease in which a claim is timely filed the claimant shall have not less than ninety days from the date of mailing of notice of denial within which to file suit. After June 28, 1936, notice of denial of the claim under a contract of insurance sha”

quoted by 1 later decision, including Goodrich v. United States

Relies on Finn v. United States · Reid v. United States · United States v. Larkin

Cited in Case Law’s definition of “suits against the United States”

Good law ✅— No negative treatment on recordhow we know

Affirmed · 7–0 · Decided 1938-01-31

How this case has been cited

Cited by 349 later decisions (14 by the Supreme Court) — most recently April 2023 · most notably United States v. Mitchell (1983), Ackermann v. United States (1950)

151 federal appellate · 26 district · 19 state decisions

11101938194019501960197019801990200020102020decided

Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.

View the full empirical analysis of this case →

¶1*37Messrs. Alger A. Williams and Charles H. Kendall, with whom Mr. George Clinton, Jr., was on the brief, for petitioner.

¶2Mr. Julius C. Martin, with whom Solicitor General Reed, and Messrs. Wilbur C. Pickett, Fendall Marbury, and W. Marvin Smith were on the brief, for the United States.

¶3By leave of Court, Messrs. Charles B. Rugg, H. Brian Holland, and Warren F. Farr filed a brief on behalf of the Bates Manufacturing Co., as amicus curiae, in support of petitioner.

¶4Mr. Justice McReynolds

¶5delivered the opinion of the Court.

¶6Certiorari was granted because of conflicting views in the lower courts.

¶7Claiming to be permanently and totally disabled, petitioner instituted an action in the United States District Court, Western District of New York, to recover under a War Risk Insurance Policy. He was honorably discharged in 1919.

¶8Before the cause came on for trial respondent moved for dismissal because the action was not brought within *38the time prescribed by § 19, World War Veterans Act 1924, as amended by Act July 3,1930, 46 Stat. 992, copied in the margin.1 This motion was overruled. Whether properly so, is the matter for our consideration.

¶9*39By concession it was necessary to bring suit not later than July 1, 1933.

¶10March 16, 1933, a praecipe for issuance of summons was filed with the Clerk of the District Court; on the same day copy of the summons was served upon the United States Attorney in Buffalo and another mailed to the Attorney General at Washington; no copy of the complaint was served upon the United States Attorney until July 26, 1933; the original complaint was not filed with the Clerk until April 23, 1936.

¶11February 15, 1934, the United States Attorney filed an answer without questioning the timeliness of the suit; a year later he moved to dismiss. The cause was heard in April, 1936; judgment went for the assured July 29, 1936.

¶12In following the above described procedure petitioner’s counsel acted upon information given by the Assistant United States Attorney, who declared that service of summons would suffice to give jurisdiction and toll the statute; that complaint might be served thereafter.

¶13Two points are presented. Did procuring the summons, serving one copy on the United States Attorney and sending another to the Attorney General begin the *40suit within the requirement of the statute? If not, do the circumstances establish waiver of the defense that suit was out of time.

¶14Section 19, Act of 1924, permits an action on a War Risk policy to be brought in the United States! District Court for the district in which the claimant resides. Also directs, “The procedure in such suits shall be the same as that provided in Sections 5 and 6” (§§ 762 and 763, Title 28, U. S. C.) of the Tucker Act of March 3, 1887, “and Section 10 thereof [§ 765, Title 28, U. S. C.] insofar as applicable.” Sec. 5 of the Tucker Act provides that the plaintiff “shall file a petition” with the Clerk of the court, containing a succinct statement of the facts upon which the claim is based; Sec. 6 that he shall cause one copy of this to be served upon the District Attorney and mail another to the Attorney General. These requirements were not complied with prior to July 1, 1933.

¶15The Circuit Court of Appeals held the suit was not brought in time to toll the statute, and with this conclusion we agree. The opinion there adequately refers to the sundry opinions which have considered the subject, discloses the claims of the parties and reasons for the judgment.

¶16Affirmation here, upon authority of United States v. Larkin, 208 U. S. 333, of the District Court’s judgment in United States v. Mill Creek, etc., and two similar causes (Nos. 103, 104, 105, Oct. Term 1919), 251 U. S. 539, cannot properly be regarded as authority for a view contrary to the one we now approve. Those causes came up under a statute which permitted direct appeals from District Courts solely upon questions of jurisdiction. We determined only that the District Court had power to hear and rule upon the questions presented to it—among them whether the suits were brought in time. The merits of the controversy—whether in reality the suits were in time—we did not consider. Examination of the opin*41ion in Larkin’s case and the statute then in force will make this clear enough.

¶17against the United States · Case Law">Suits against the United States can be maintained only by permission, in the manner prescribed and subject to the restrictions imposed. Reid v. United States, 211 U. S. 529, 538. The Conformity Act cannot be relied upon to change any of these.

¶18The District Attorney had no power to waive conditions or limitations imposed by statute in respect of suits against the United States. Finn v. United States, 123 U. S. 227, 233. Judgment against them is not permissible if first sought after expiration of the time allowed.

¶19Affirmed.

¶20Mr. Justice Cardozo took no part in the consideration and decision of this case.

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