33 U.S.C. § 431
Section 431 · 431 to 437. Repealed. Pub. L. 91224, title I, 108, Apr. 3, 1970, 84 Stat. 113
Applied in 11 court decisions — leading case United States v. Standard Oil Co. (1966)
Most recently applied in Reliance Insurance v. United States (April 1982)
How often courts cite this section
Court decisions citing this, by year.Markers show enactment, consequential amendments, and circuit splits over this section — watch for a citation surge after a change or a disagreement. The dip in the last several years is a data-coverage gap, not a real trend — our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so recent citations are undercounted.
Section 431, acts June 7, 1924, ch. 316, 1, 43 Stat. 604; Nov. 3, 1966, Pub. L. 89–753, title II, § 211(a), 80 Stat. 1252, related to the short title for this subchapter. Section 432, acts June 7, 1924, ch. 316, 2, 43 Stat. 604; Nov. 3, 1966, Pub. L. 89–753, title II, § 211(a), 80 Stat. 1252, defined oil, person, coastal navigable waters of the United States, and Secretary. Section 433, acts June 7, 1924, ch. 316, 3, 43 Stat. 605; Nov. 3, 1966, Pub. L. 89–753, title II, § 211(a), 80 Stat. 1253, related to prohibition against discharge of oil generally. Section 434, acts June 7, 1924, ch. 316, 4, 43 Stat. 605; Nov. 3, 1966, Pub. L. 89–753, title II, § 211(a), 80 Stat. 1253, related to penalties for violation of oil discharge prohibition and liability of vessel. Section 435, act June 7, 1924, ch. 316, 5, 43 Stat. 605; 1946 Reorg. Plan No. 3, 101104, eff. July 16, 1946, 11 F.R. 7875, 60 Stat. 1097; act Nov. 3, 1966, Pub. L. 89–753, title II, § 211(a), 80 Stat. 1254, related to revocation or suspension of licenses of officers of offending vessels. Section 436, acts June 7, 1924, ch. 316, 7, 43 Stat. 605; Nov. 3, 1966, Pub. L. 89–753, title II, § 211(a), 80 Stat. 1254, related to authorization of use of certain personnel in enforcement of this subchapter and arrest of offenders. Section 437, acts June 7, 1924, ch. 316, 8, 43 Stat. 606; Nov. 3, 1966, Pub. L. 89–753, title II, § 211(a), 80 Stat. 1254, related to affect of this subchapter on preexisting laws for preservation and protection of navigable waters. See section 1251 et seq. of this title.