Jordan v. De George’s Empirical Analysis
341 U.S. 223 · 1951
Citation profile
789 federal appellate · 95 district · 581 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 1,944 later decisions (48 by the Supreme Court) — most recently April 2025 · most notably Grayned v. City of Rockford (1972), United States v. Harriss (1954)
789 federal appellate · 95 district · 581 state decisions — followed in 42 states
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Appellate journey
reviewedUnited States ex rel. De George v. Jordan (from Seventh Circuit Court of Appeals)
Relationships
Applies 18 U.S.C. § 371 · 26 U.S.C. § 3321
Relies on Connally v. General Construction Co. · Chaplinsky v. State of New Hampshire · Screws v. United States · Lanzetta v. State New Jersey · Winters v. People of State of New York
Cited together with Connally v. General Construction Co. · United States v. Harriss · United States v. Petrillo · Lanzetta v. State New Jersey · Fong Haw Tan v. Phelan
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 1,944 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“The test is whether the language conveys sufficiently definite warning as to the proscribed conduct when measured by common understanding and practices.”
66 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“[T]he decided cases make it plain that crimes in which fraud was an ingredient have always been regarded as involving moral turpitude.”
20 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“fraud has ordinarily been the test to determine whether crimes not of the gravest character involve moral turpitude”
13 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.