Bircoll v. Miami-Dade County’s Empirical Analysis
480 F.3d 1072 · 2007
Citation profile
19 federal appellate · 10 district ·
How this case has been cited
Cited by 110 later decisions — most recently June 2025 · most notably Welding Services, Inc. v. Forman (2007), Tucker v. Tennessee (2008)
19 federal appellate · 10 district ·
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 29 U.S.C. § 794 · 29 U.S.C. § 794A · 42 U.S.C. § 12101 (§ 2 of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990) · 42 U.S.C. § 12102 (§ 3 of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990) · 42 U.S.C. § 12111 (§ 101 of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990) · 42 U.S.C. § 12112 (§ 102 of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990) · 42 U.S.C. § 12131 (§ 201 of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990) · 42 U.S.C. § 12132 (§ 202 of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990)
Relies on Pennsylvania Department of Corrections v. Yeskey · Tennessee v. Lane · Sepulveda v. U.S. Attorney General · Tommy Olmstead Commissioner Georgia Department of Human Resourcess v. L C Jonathan Zimring · Vinyard v. Wilson
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 110 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“(1) that he is a qualified individual with a disability; (2) that he was either excluded from participation in or denied the benefits of a public entity’s services, programs, or activities, or was otherwise discriminated against by the public entity; and (3) that the exclusion, denial of benefit, or discrimination was by reason of the plaintiffs disability.”
11 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“(1) the abilities of, and the usual and preferred method of communication used by, the hearing-impaired arrestee; (2) the nature of the criminal activity involved and the importance, complexity, context, and duration of the police communication at issue; (3) the location of the communication and whether it is a one-on-one communication; and (4) whether the arrestee’s requested method of communication imposes an undue burden or fundamental change and whether another effective, but non-burdensome, method of communication exists.”
5 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“Except as otherwise provided in § 35.150, no qualified individual with a disability shall, because a public entity's facilities are inaccessible to or unusable by individuals with disabilities, be excluded from participation in, or be denied the benefits of the services, programs, or activities of a public entity, or be subjected to discrimination by any public entity.”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.