United States v. Runck’s Empirical Analysis
601 F.2d 968 · 1979
Citation profile
38 federal appellate · 9 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 49 later decisions — most recently September 2009 · most notably United States v. Kamer (1986), United States v. Signori (1988)
38 federal appellate · 9 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 18 U.S.C. § 1341 (White-Collar Crime Penalty Enhancement Act of 2002) · 18 U.S.C. § 3651
Relies on Santobello v. New York · United States v. Gallington
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 49 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“While the condition of restitution of a small amount might be acceptable because it would not necessarily materially alter the expectations of the parties to the bargain, restitution of a large amount should have been part of the plea bargain or the possibility of its inclusion as a condition of probation made known and agreed to by the bargainers.”
5 later decisions quote this exact passage“it is a better practice for the court to specify the amount of restitution rather than leave this decision to the probation office.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage“should have been articulated in the plea bargain or in a proposed amended plea bargain that the accused could accept or reject.” That case, however, did not involve a prosecutorial breach but the judicial interpretation of an approved agreement by which the parties had under Fed.R.Crim.P. 11(e)(1)(C) stipulated to the appropriate sentence. The Eighth Circuit held that”
1 later decision quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.