Volk v. Coler’s Empirical Analysis
1986
Citation profile
2 federal appellate · 1 district · 1 state decisions
Relationships
Applies 42 U.S.C. § 1983 (Civil Rights Act of 1871 / Section 1983 (Ku Klux Klan Act)) · 42 U.S.C. § 2000E (§ 701 of the Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964) · 42 U.S.C. § 2000E (§ 703 of the Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964) · 42 U.S.C. § 2000E (§ 704 of the Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964)
Relies on McDonnell Douglas Corp. v. Green · Texas Department of Community Affairs v. Burdine · Meritor Savings Bank, FSB v. Vinson · Griggs v. Duke Power Co. · United States Postal Service Board of Governors v. Aikens
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 5 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“class-based animus [but, that] no jury could conclude that [she] was discriminated against on the basis of her membership in the class of women.... For instance, no witness testified that Tapen treated women as a group differently than men.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the concurrencee.g. Volk v. Coler““For sexual harassment to be actionable it must be sufficiently severe or pervasive ‘to alter the conditions of /the victim’s/ employment and create an abusive working environment’ ””
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the concurrence
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.