Morris v. Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority’s Empirical Analysis
702 F.2d 1037 · 1983
Citation profile
26 federal appellate · 21 district · 3 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 63 later decisions — most recently October 2022 · most notably Rendine v. Pantzer (1995), International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union v. Donovan (1983)
26 federal appellate · 21 district · 3 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 28 U.S.C. § 1331 · 28 U.S.C. § 1343 · 28 U.S.C. § 1653 · 28 U.S.C. § 292 · 42 U.S.C. § 1983 (Civil Rights Act of 1871 / Section 1983 (Ku Klux Klan Act)) · 42 U.S.C. § 2000E (§ 701 of the Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964) · 42 U.S.C. § 2000E (§ 703 of the Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964) · 42 U.S.C. § 2000E (§ 704 of the Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964)
Relies on Monell v. Department of Social Services of City of New York · Bivens v. Six Unknown Named Agents of Federal Bureau of Narcotics · Mt. Healthy City School District Board of Education v. Doyle · Edelman v. Jordan · Johnson v. Railway Express Agency, Inc.
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 63 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“The availability of a Bivens-type Fourteenth Amendment remedy against non-federal defendants is subject to serious question. The Supreme Court has explicitly reserved decision on the question. Mt. Healthy Bd. of Educ. v. Doyle, 429 U.S. 274, 278 , 97 S.Ct. 568, 571 [ 50 L.Ed.2d 471 ] (1977); see Lake County Estates, Inc. v. Tahoe Regional Planning Agency, 440 U.S. [391] 398-400, 99 S.Ct. 1171, 1175-77 [ 59 L.Ed.2d 401 ] (1979). Moreover, in view of the Court’s decision in Monell v. Dept. of Social Services, 436 U.S. 658 , 98 S.Ct. 2018 [ 56 L.Ed.2d 611 ] (1978), holding that political subdivisions of states are “persons” subject to suit under § 1983, it seems unlikely that the federal courts will feel free to imply a direct constitutional remedy in the face of the statutory remedy now available against nonfederal defendants.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority“[ajbsent a showing that Title VII provides inadequate protection for his or her rights, ... a federal employee urging unlawful discrimination is confined to actions under that statute. Hence, a direct constitutional action by an employee against an agency of the United States or its officials would be foreclosed on the facts of the present case.” WMATA v. Morris, 702 F.2d at 1040 (footnote omitted). The Court finds that WMATA is not a federal employer. WMATA v. Norair Engineering Corp., 553 F.2d 233 , 235 (D.C.Cir.1977) (”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.