¶1The defendant was charged of wife abandonment, tried by a jury, found guilty, and a judgment rendered against him on the verdict, from which he was duly appealed to this court.
¶2No bill of exception was filed, hence the case is here upon the record proper. The pleadings by which an issue of fact is raised for trial by jury are a part of the record proper. In a criminal case the charge of guilt is made by the indictment or information; this fact is put in issue by the plea of not guilty; this plea under our practice is made upon an arraignment of the *301defendant and hearing of his plea in open court, which must be noted on the minutes of the court and entered upon its record. A plea of not guilty was not made in this case, as is shown by the record. In the absence of this plea no issue of fact was raised for trial by a jury; none upon which evidence could be heard or a verdict rendered.- This 'is reversible error. State v. Walker, 119 Mo. 467; State v. Williams, 117 Mo. 379; State v. Hoffman, 70 Mo. App. 271; State v. Haycroft, 49 Mo. App. 488; State v. Hubbell, 55 Mo. App. 262; State v. Geiger, 45 Mo. App. 111. Judgment reversed and cause remanded.