Irby v. Sullivan’s Empirical Analysis
737 F.2d 1418 · 1984
Citation profile
63 federal appellate · 6 district · 12 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 133 later decisions — most recently February 2017 · most notably Lowrey v. Texas A & M University System (1997), Malhotra v. Cotter & Co. (1989)
63 federal appellate · 6 district · 12 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 42 U.S.C. § 1981 (Civil Rights Act of 1866) · 42 U.S.C. § 1983 (Civil Rights Act of 1871 / Section 1983 (Ku Klux Klan Act)) · 42 U.S.C. § 1985 · 42 U.S.C. § 2000E (§ 701 of the Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964) · 42 U.S.C. § 2000E (§ 704 of the Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964)
Relies on McDonnell Douglas Corp. v. Green · Monell v. Department of Social Services of City of New York · Texas Department of Community Affairs v. Burdine · Adickes v. S. H. Kress & Co. · Board of Regents of State Colleges v. Roth
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 133 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“because he has opposed any practice made an unlawful employment practice by this subchapter, or because he has made a charge, testified, assisted, or participated in any manner in an investigation, proceeding, or hearing under this subchapter.”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the dissent“[a]llowance of such a remedy through section 1983 ... would enable a complainant to sidestep the 'detailed and specific provisions' of Title VII.”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the dissent“'governing statute provides an exclusive remedy for violations of its terms.'”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.