¶1The opinion of the court was delivered by
¶2The plaintiff herein sued the defendant, in the First Judicial District Court of Morris county, for the sum of $331.08, as appears by the summons in the action, and without further notice caused judgment to be entered against him for the sum of $415.54, with costs.
¶3*307The state of demand filed by the plaintiff, showing in detail the items going to malee up the plaintiff’s cause of action, was filed with the clerk of the court when summons was issued, and notice to that effect was served upon the defendant, with the summons.
¶4Upon the return day the defendant failed to appear, and the court ordered the state of demand to be amended, and gave judgment for the increased amount. This procedure we deem to be erroneous.
¶5While we do not deny the court’s power in matters of form to order an amendment, we conceive it to be manifest that a change in the quantum of: the claim by which a defendant, without his presence, knowledge or consent is subjected to a judgment for an amount in excess of that stated in the process and pleadings, is not such an informality which the statute concerning amendments contemplates, but rather savors of the substance and gravamen of the complaint. Non constat that the defendant, in view of the information conveyed to him by the process, and for reasons satisfactory to himself, may have concluded to allow judgment to go against him for the claim, viewing it not as an incorrect demand, and, therefore, intentionally absented himself from the court.
¶6If, however, the legal status which he is thus permitted to assume, be subject without his knowledge or consent to be changed to his detriment, a situation is presented which admits of an enforced liability upon an absent defendant, the extent of which can be determined only by the limitation of the court’s jurisdiction. Excelsior Electric Co. v. Sweet, 59 N. J. L. 441, 444.
¶7The eases of Cortelyou v. Cortelyou, 2 N. J. L. *318, and Excelsior Electric Co. v. Sweet, supra, are sufficiently critical of such procedure as to warrant their citation as authorities adverse to it.
¶8The result is that the judgment must be reversed and the record remitted to the Supreme Court, to the end that at the plaintiff’s option the judgment may bo reduced to the amount of the original demand.
¶10For reversal—-The Chancellor, Ciiiee Justice, Swayze, Parker, Bergen, Minturn, Kalisoii, White, Terhune, Heppenheimer, Williams, Taylor, Gardner, JJ. 13.