Newspaper

A printed publication, Issued in numbers at stated intervals, conveying intelligence of passing events. The term "newspaper" is commonly applied to such publications only as are issued in a single sheet, and at short intervals, as daily or weekly. 4 Op. Attys. Gen. U. S. 10; 7 Exch. 97. As used in statutes regulating the publication of legal notices, etc., a newspaper must contain matter of general interest; a journal confined to the interests of a single trade or profession not being within the term. 25 Minn. 147. But see 75 111. 61. But where, though the main body of the paper is devoted to some special interest, there is in each issue one or more columns of general news and reading matter and advertisements confined to no one calling or trade, the publication is a newpaper. 126 111. 219 (law journal); 38 Minn. 349 (religious weekly); 43 N. Y. Supp. 720 (daily mercantile journal). held in bondage by their creditors until their debts were discharged. Vicat; Heinec. Ant. Rom. lib. 3. tit. 330; Calv. Lex.; Mackeld. Civ. Law, § 486a.

Aceording to the usage of the commercial world, a newspaper is defined to be a publication in numbers, consisting commonly of single sheets, and published at short and stated intervals, conveying intelligence of passing events. 4 Op. Attys. Gen. 10. And see Crowell v. Parker, 22 R. I. 51, 46 Atl. 35, 84 Am. St Rep. 815; Hanscom v. Meyer, 60 Neb. 68, 82 N. W. 114, 48 In R. A. 409, 83 Am. St. Rep. 507; Williams v. Colwell, 18 Misc. Rep. 399, 43 N. Y. Supp. 720; Kellogg v. Carrico, 47 Mo. 157; Kerr v. Hitt, 75 III. 51.

— Official newspaper. One designated by a state or municipal legislative bpdy, or agents empowered by them, in which the public acts, resolves, advertisements, and notices aTe required to be published. Albany County v. Chaplin. 5 Wyo. 74, 37 Pac. 370.

A paper or publication conveying news or intelligence; a printed publication, issued in numbers at stated intervals, conveying intelligence of passing events, and intended for general circulation.

According to the usage f the commercial world, a newspaper is defined to be a publication in numbers, consisting commonly of single sheets, and published at short and stated intervals, conveying intelligence of passing events, 4 Op, Attys, Gen. 10.

A publication, containing a narrative of recent events and occurrences, published regularly at short interva Js from lime to time.* In the usage of the commercial world, " a publication in numbers, consistingccommonly of single sheets, and published at short intervals, conveying intelligence of passing events." 5 As ordinarily understood, a publication which contains, among other things, what is called the general news, the current news, or the news of the day; not, a publication which does not usually contain such news, and is not intended for general circulation.^ Such a newspaper is adapted to the general reader. Where the object of the publication of a summons is considered, the reasonableness of such a construction of the word as requires the publication to be made ' See Lessee of Pollard's Heirs v. Kibbe, 14 Pet. 364 (1840); Glue Co. v. Upton, 97 U. S. 6 (1877). ' Eager v. Atlas Ins. Co., 14 Pick. 143-45 (1633), cases; 2 Pars. Mar. Ins. 129, 385. ' See 1 Mc Master, Hist. Peop. U. S. 98. < Attorney-General v. Bradbury, 7 Exch. 103 (1851), Martin, B. Postal Law, — "The Household Narrative of Current Events." s 4 Op. Att.-Gen. 11 (1843). Postal Law,— " The Shipping and Commercial List and New York Price Curwhere it will be likely to meet the eye of the general reader, is apparent. The " Northwestern Reporter," wliile a, legal newspaper, is not a newspaper in the ordinary sense.* In another case a paper devoted to disseminating legal news among lawyers and business men was held to be a newspaper.'. A newspaper is of itself a public print, and imports publicity. The word " public " need not therefore be used in describing the paper.* A " daily newspaper " is published every day of the week except one, whether Sunday or any other day, as, Monday.* A statute providing that laws of a general character shall be published " in a daily and weekly newspaper," contemplates publication in the daily and weekly editions as a single insertion, and not as a separate insertion in each edition. ^ A paper which is composed and issued in a place is "published" at that place, although the press- work is done elsewhere." A paper made up partly of a " patent inside," printed in another State, is printed " in the county where it is issued," within the meaning of a statute regulating publication of notice in actions against non-residents.' Since, in nearly all counties, newspapers are published but once a week, a legislature, in prescribing publication a certain number of weeks, will be presumed to have intended publication once a week.^ A newspaper may bo admissible in evidence to impute knowledge of a fact, as, the dissolution of a partnership; when verified, to prove prices-current, but not, generally, for other purposes. Knowledge derived from a newspaper is provable inferentially, as, from familiarity with the paper. "^ When the publication of news is made in good faith, in the ordinary course of business, without intent to defame, and without negligence, a person injured may be restricted in his recovery to actual damages.*" Fair reports of what takes place before legislative bodies and their committees, and in the courts, are privileged — the report being confined to the proceedings, and without defamatory headings or comments. * * ■ [Beecher v. Stephens, ante. ' Kerr v. Hitt, 75 HI. 51 (1874), — " Chicago Legal News. " See also Kellogg v. Carrico, 47 Mo. 159 (1870),— " Legal Record and Advertiser." = Bailey v. Myrick, 60 Me. 181 (1860). < Richardson v. Tobin, 45 Cal. 30 (1873),— " San Fran- ^co Chronicle." ' Montgomery Advertiser Co. v. Burke, 82 Ala. 3SS (1886). » Bayer v. Hoboken, 44 N. J. L. 131 (1882),— " Hoboken Advertiser." ' Palmer v. Mc Cormick, 30 F. R. 82 (1887). 'Greenwood v. Murray, 28 Mmn. 123 (1881),— "St. Paul Daily Evening Dispatch." ' 1 Whart. Ev. §§ 671-73, cases. "Detroit Daily Post Co. v. Mc Arthur, 16 Mich. 447 (1868); Perrott v. New Orleans Times, 25 La. An. 170 (1873). The law favors publicity of legal proceedings, as far as attainable without injustice being done to any person immediately concerned. The public being permitted to attend, may be served with reports of, judicial inquiries, provided these reports are so full and impartial as not to convey a false impression.. A report must be strictly confined to the actual proceedings, and contain no defamatory comments. It has been held that the publication of ex parte proceedings, or merely preliminary examinations, is not privileged. Reports of these tend " to prejudge those whom the law presumes innocent; to cause the judgment of conviction to be pronounced before trial; to poison the sources of justice — the mass of the people from whom jurors are drawn." - But it is not lawful to publish even a correct account of the proceedings in a case in court, if the account contains matter of a blasphemous or indecent nature.* See Contempt, 1; Communication, Privileged, 2; Distribution, 3; Editor; Mail, 2; Opinion, 2; Packet; Peooi^mation, 2; Review, 3; Science; Sunday; Week.