Things

By this word is understood every object, except man, which may become an active subject of right. Code du Canton de Berne, art. 332. Any object that may be possessed; all matters of substance in contradiction to persons; whatever may be possessed or owned; subjects of property and dominion; with "effects" or "goods" or In this sense it Is opposed, in the language of the la'W, to uie word "persons." See Property; Bes.

By this word is understood every object, except man, which may become an active subject of right. Code du Canton do Berne, art. 332. In this sense it is opposed, in the language of the law, to the word persons. ‘Thing, in legal contemplation, even when we have to do with a material object, is not precisely the object as we find it in common experience, but rather the entirety of its possible legal relations to persons.’* Pollock, First Book of Jurispr. 133. An operation for abortion is a thing, within the act of congress declaring non-mailable obscene books and every article and thing for procuring abortion, etc.; U. S. v. Somers,

The most general denomination of the subjects of property, as contradistinguished from persons. 2 Bl. Comm. 16. The word "estate" in general is applicable to anything of which riches or fortune may consist. The word is likewise relative to the word "things," which is the second object of jurisprudence, the rules of which are applicable to persona things, and actions. Civ. Code La. art. 448. Such permanent objects, not being persons, as are sensible, or perceptible through the senses. Aust Jur. § 452. A "thing" is the object of a right; i. e., whatever is treated by the law as the object oyer which one person exercises a right, and with reference to which another person lies under a duty. Holl. Jur. 83. Things are the subjects of dominion or property, as distinguished from persons. They are distributed into three kinds:
(1) Things real or immovable, comprehending lands, tenements, and hereditaments;
(2) things personal or movable, comprehending goods and chattels; and
(3) things mixed, partaking of the characteristics of the two former, as a title-deed, a term for years. The civil law divided things into corporeal (tangi possunt) and incorporeal (tangi non possunt.) Wharton.

— Things in action. A thing in action is a right to recover money or other personal property by a judicial proceeding. Civ. Code Cal. { 953. See Chose in Action.

— Things personal. Goods, money, and all other movables, which may attend the owner's person where-ever he thinks proper to go. 2 Bl. Comm. 16. Things personal consist of goods, money, and all other movables, and of such rights and profits as relate to movables. 1 Steph. Comm. 156. See People v. Holbrook, 13 Johns. (N. Y.) 90; U. S. v. Moulton. 27 Fed. Cas. 11; People v. Brooklyn, 9 Barb. (N. Y.) 546.

— Things real. Such things as are permanent, fixed, and immovable, which cannot be carried out of their place ; as lands and tenements. 2 Bl. Comm. 16. This definition has been objected to as not embracing incorporeal rights. Mr. Stephen defines things real to "consist of things substantial and immovable, and of the rights and profits annexed to or issuing out of these." 1 Steph. Comm. 156. Things real are otherwise described to consist of lands, tenements, and hereditaments. See Bates v. Spar-rell, 10 Mass. 324; People v. Brooklyn, 9 Barb. (N. Y.) 546. Things accessory are of the nature of the principal. Finch, Law, b. 1, c. 3, n. 25. Things are construed according to that which was the cause thereof. Finch, Law, b. 1, c. 3, n. 4. Things are dissolved as they he Contracted. Finch, Law, b. 1, c. 3, n. 7. Things grounded npon an ill and void beginning cannot have a good perfection. Finch, Law, b. 1, c. 3, n. 8. Things in action, entry, or re-entry cannot he granted over. Van Rensselaer V. Ball, 19 N. Y. 100, 103. Things incident cannot be severed. Finch, Law, b. 3, c. 1, n. 12. Things incident pass by the grant of the principal. Seymour v. Canandaigua A N. F. R. Co., 25 Barb. (N. Y.) 284, 310. Things incident shall pass hy the grant of the principal, but not the principal by the grant of the incident. Co.. Litt. 152a, 151b; Broom, Max. 483.

The most general denomination of Things personal: things movable, which owner, as money, goods and the like. nent, immovable, as lands and tenements.