A civil right is an enforceable right or privilege, which if interfered with by another gives rise to an action for injury. Examples of civil rights are freedom of speech, press, and assembly; the right to vote; freedom from involuntary servitude; and the right to equality in public places. Discrimination occurs when the civil rights of an individual are denied or interfered with because of their membership in a particular group or class. Statutes have been enacted to prevent discrimination based on race, sex, religion, age, previous condition of servitude, physical limitation, national origin, and in some instances sexual preference. Civil rights attorneys handle cases involving the rights of individuals to be free from unequal treatment (or discrimination) based on legally-protected characteristics such as race, gender, disability, national origin, age, sexual orientation, and religion. Civil rights cases can arise in a number of settings -- including employment, housing, lending, and education.
For the Illinois village formerly known as Vienna, see Astoria, Illinois Vienna is a city in Johnson County, Illinois, United States. The population was 1,234 at the 2000 census. It is the county seat of Johnson County, and the site of a well-known state penitentiary. Heron Pond - Little Black Slough Nature Preserve, a National Natural Landmark, is nearby. The town's name is pronounced differently from the English name for the Austrian capital of the same name.