Consumer protection refers to the laws designed to aid retail consumers of goods and services that have been improperly manufactured, delivered, performed, handled, or described. Such laws provide the retail consumer with additional protections and remedies not generally provided to merchants and others who engage in business transactions, on the premise that the consumers do not enjoy a sufficient bargaining position with respect to the businessmen with whom they deal and therefore should not be strictly limited by the legal rules that govern recovery for damages among businessmen. The overarching goal is to protect individuals and the interest of the public in general from unfair and misleading activity in business and commerce (such as false advertising and deceptive trade practices) and scams perpetrated by criminals (such as identity theft and pyramid schemes) that harm a substantial number of consumers.
Calcium is a hamlet in Jefferson County, New York, United States. The population was 3,516 as of July 2007. Calcium is in the Town of Le Ray and was formerly called Sanford's Corner. Historic landmarks include the stone house at the intersection of State Route 342 and County Route 138 that once served as the post office for the area, and the Calcium Community Church at the same intersection. The church was built in 1853 by a group of at least three different denominations, including Methodist Episcopal, Christian, and Unitarian. The building was shared by these and various Christian groups over the years, and remains a community church today.