Consumer protection refers to the laws designed to aid retail consumers of goods and services that have been improperly manufactured, delivered, performed, handled, or described. Such laws provide the retail consumer with additional protections and remedies not generally provided to merchants and others who engage in business transactions, on the premise that the consumers do not enjoy a sufficient bargaining position with respect to the businessmen with whom they deal and therefore should not be strictly limited by the legal rules that govern recovery for damages among businessmen. The overarching goal is to protect individuals and the interest of the public in general from unfair and misleading activity in business and commerce (such as false advertising and deceptive trade practices) and scams perpetrated by criminals (such as identity theft and pyramid schemes) that harm a substantial number of consumers.
Putnam Valley is a town in Putnam County, New York, United States. The population was 10,686 at the 2000 census. Its location is northeast of New York City. The Town of Putnam Valley is in the southwest part of Putnam County. Putnam Valley calls itself the "Town of Lakes. " Putnam Valley is the birthplace of actor Tom Welling, best known for his role as Clark Kent on the TV series Smallville. David Amram had resided in Putnam Valley for many decades, as did Jim Steinman and Dr. Ruth Westheimer Real estate mogul Donald Trump bought land in Putnam Valley and later donated it to the State; in 2006 this parcel was renamed Donald J. Trump State Park. The Sopranos episode Soprano Home Movies in season 6 was shot on Lake Oscawana. Malcolm X was also filmed here, as well as the highway chase scene in Die Hard with a Vengeance.