In a criminal case, the state, through a prosecutor, initiates the suit, while in a civil case the victim brings the suit. Persons convicted of a crime may be incarcerated, fined, or both. Criminal defense attorneys represent clients who have been accused of committing a crime, and defend their rights at each stage of a misdemeanor or felony case -- from an arrest to an appeal after conviction. Criminal defense attorneys may be hired privately or provided by the government (called "public defenders").
Pinopolis is an unincorporated community in Berkeley County, South Carolina, United States. Founded circa 1845, it was established at a high elevation in the "low country" of South Carolina and it gave an escape from mosquitoes and uncomfortable heat. It became a gathering place for those of means during this time. It shared this aspect with other communities throughout the plantation economy of this era. A lady resident spontaneously coined the name "Pinopolis" because of the many pine trees. This is probably a reflection of schooling that included references to Greek and Latin. During the pre-Civil War period it developed in this way and maintained as a place of polish and refinement. In the post-Civil War period and during the change of the South, it became the location of the first elementary school for black students. In 1939, the Santee Cooper Project dammed the Santee River, flooding nearly 175,000 acres (710 km) and creating Lake Moultrie in 1946. Because of its high elevation, Pinopolis was spared from the flooding, and now exists as a peninsula on the lake.