Products liability doctrine holds a manufacturer, or other party involved in selling a product, strictly liable when an article, placed into the market with knowledge that it is to be used without inspection for defects, proves to have a defect that causes a personal injury. Consumers who are injured because of a fault with a product that the consumers had no ability to protect themselves against may recover against the manufacturer under a theory of products liability.
Irving is a hamlet located in Chautauqua County, New York, USA. It is located near the east town line and the eastern county line in the Town of Hanover. US Route 20 and New York State Route 5 pass through the hamlet, which is also next to Cattaraugus Creek; New York State Route 438 terminates just across the creek. The hamlet is a key point on the Cattaraugus Indian Reservation; the Seneca nation's governmental headquarters for the reservation are located in Irving. Several tax-free gasoline stations and smoke shops are located in the hamlet, as is Seneca Gaming and Entertainment, a Seneca-owned bingo hall.