(a) Notwithstanding Section 2400, a clinic operated primarily for the purpose of medical education by a public or private nonprofit university medical school, which is approved by the Division of Licensing or the Osteopathic Medical Board of California, may charge for professional services rendered to teaching patients by licensees who hold academic appointments on the faculty of the university, if the charges are approved by the physician and surgeon in whose name the charges are made.
(b) Notwithstanding Section 2400, a clinic operated under subdivision (p) of Section 1206 of the Health and Safety Code may employ licensees and charge for professional services rendered by those licensees. However, the clinic shall not interfere with, control, or otherwise direct the professional judgment of a physician and surgeon in a manner prohibited by Section 2400 or any other provision of law.
(c) Notwithstanding Section 2400, a narcotic treatment program operated under Section 11876 of the Health and Safety Code and regulated by the State Department of Alcohol and Drug Programs, may employ licensees and charge for professional services rendered by those licensees. However, the narcotic treatment program shall not interfere with, control, or otherwise direct the professional judgment of a physician and surgeon in a manner prohibited by Section 2400 or any other provision of law.
(d) Notwithstanding Section 2400, a hospital owned and operated by a health care district pursuant to Division 23 (commencing with Section 32000) of the Health and Safety Code may employ a licensee pursuant to Section 2401.1, and may charge for professional services rendered by the licensee, if the physician and surgeon in whose name the charges are made approves the charges. However, the hospital shall not interfere with, control, or otherwise direct the physician and surgeon’s professional judgment in a manner prohibited by Section 2400 or any other provision of law.