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N.D. Cent. Code § 41-04.1-11

(4A-203) Unenforceability of certain verified payment orders

Known as the Uniform Commercial Code

The act spans §§ 41–41 (597 sections).

1. If an accepted payment order is not, under subsection 1 of section 41-04.1-10, an authorized order of a customer identified as sender, but is effective as an order of the customer under subsection 2 of section 41-04.1-10, the following rules apply:

a. By express agreement evidenced by a record, the receiving bank may limit the extent to which it is entitled to enforce or retain payment of the payment order.

b. The receiving bank is not entitled to enforce or retain payment of the payment order if the customer proves that the order was not caused, directly or indirectly, by a person entrusted at any time with duties to act for the customer with respect to payment orders or the security procedure or by a person who obtained access to transmitting facilities of the customer or who obtained, from a source controlled by the customer and without authority of the receiving bank, information facilitating breach of the security procedure, regardless of how the information was obtained or whether the customer was at fault. Information includes any access device, computer software, or the like.

2. This section applies to amendments of payment orders to the same extent it applies to payment orders.

Official source: North Dakota Legislative Branch. Reproduced from public-domain North Dakota statutes; confirm against the official source for the current text. Not legal advice.