As used in this chapter:
(1) “Balance bill” means to charge to or collect from a Medicare or General Assistance beneficiary any amount in excess of the reasonable charge for that service as determined by the U.S. Secretary of Health and Human Services or the Commissioner of Vermont Health Access, as the case may be.
(2) “General Assistance beneficiary” means a person who receives assistance under chapter 21 of this title.
(3) “Medicare beneficiary” means a person who is a beneficiary of health insurance under Title XVIII of the Social Security Act.
(4) “Physician” has the same meaning as in 42 U.S.C. § 1395x(r).