Uniform Trust Code
District of Columbia · 19 · §§ 19-1301.01 to 19-1311.03 · 95 sections
Overview
This act provides a general statutory framework for the creation, administration, and enforcement of trusts, setting out default rules that yield to the terms of the trust alongside a narrower set of mandatory rules that cannot be overridden, with the common law of trusts and principles of equity continuing to supplement it. It covers such matters as governing law and the principal place of administration, notice to beneficiaries and who is entitled to receive it, rules of construction, and the recognition of resulting and constructive trusts. It also governs the consequences of a trustee's conduct — remedies and damages for breach of trust, attorney fees, time limits on actions against a trustee, exculpation clauses and beneficiary consent or release, limits on a trustee's personal liability to third parties, and protection for those who deal with a trustee in reliance on a certification of trust — while allowing interested parties to resolve certain questions among themselves through nonjudicial settlement agreements rather than in court.
Editorial summary generated from the text of this act. It is not part of the statute — read the sections below for the operative language.
Sections covered
- D.C. Code § 19-1301.01Short title
- D.C. Code § 19-1301.02Scope
- D.C. Code § 19-1301.03Definitions
- D.C. Code § 19-1301.04Knowledge
- D.C. Code § 19-1301.05Default and mandatory rules
- D.C. Code § 19-1301.06Common law of trusts; principles of equity
- D.C. Code § 19-1301.07Governing law
- D.C. Code § 19-1301.08Principal place of administration
- D.C. Code § 19-1301.09Methods and waiver of notice
- D.C. Code § 19-1301.10Others treated as qualified beneficiaries
- D.C. Code § 19-1301.11Nonjudicial settlement agreements
- D.C. Code § 19-1302.01Role of court in administration of trust
- D.C. Code § 19-1302.02Jurisdiction over trustee and beneficiary
- D.C. Code § 19-1303.01Representation: basic effect
- D.C. Code § 19-1303.02Representation by holder of general testamentary power of appointment
- D.C. Code § 19-1303.03Representation by fiduciaries and parents
- D.C. Code § 19-1303.04Representation by person having substantially identical interest
- D.C. Code § 19-1303.05Appointment of representative
- D.C. Code § 19-1304.01Methods of creating trust
- D.C. Code § 19-1304.02Requirements for creation
- D.C. Code § 19-1304.03Trusts created in other jurisdictions
- D.C. Code § 19-1304.04Trust purposes
- D.C. Code § 19-1304.05Charitable purposes; enforcement
- D.C. Code § 19-1304.06Creation of trust induced by fraud, duress, or undue influence
- D.C. Code § 19-1304.07Evidence of oral trust
- D.C. Code § 19-1304.08Trust for care of animal
- D.C. Code § 19-1304.09Noncharitable trust without ascertainable beneficiary
- D.C. Code § 19-1304.10Modification or termination of trust; proceedings for approval or disapproval
- D.C. Code § 19-1304.11Modification or termination of noncharitable irrevocable trust by consent
- D.C. Code § 19-1304.12Modification or termination because of unanticipated circumstances or inability to administer trust effectively
- D.C. Code § 19-1304.13Cy pres
- D.C. Code § 19-1304.14Termination of uneconomic trust
- D.C. Code § 19-1304.15Reformation to correct mistakes
- D.C. Code § 19-1304.16Modification to achieve settlor’s tax objectives
- D.C. Code § 19-1304.17Combination and division of trusts
- D.C. Code § 19-1304.18Title of trust property
- D.C. Code § 19-1305.01Rights of beneficiary’s creditor or assignee
- D.C. Code § 19-1305.02Spendthrift provision
- D.C. Code § 19-1305.03Exceptions to spendthrift provision
- D.C. Code § 19-1305.04Discretionary trusts; effect of standard
- D.C. Code § 19-1305.05Creditor’s claim against settlor
- D.C. Code § 19-1305.06Overdue distribution
- D.C. Code § 19-1305.07Personal obligations of trustee
- D.C. Code § 19-1306.01Capacity of settlor of revocable trust
- D.C. Code § 19-1306.02Revocation or amendment of revocable trust
- D.C. Code § 19-1306.03Settlor’s powers; powers of withdrawal
- D.C. Code § 19-1306.04Limitation on action contesting validity of revocable trust; distribution of trust property
- D.C. Code § 19-1307.01Accepting or declining trusteeship
- D.C. Code § 19-1307.02Trustee’s bond
- D.C. Code § 19-1307.03Cotrustees
- D.C. Code § 19-1307.04Vacancy in trusteeship; appointment of successor
- D.C. Code § 19-1307.05Resignation of trustee
- D.C. Code § 19-1307.06Removal of trustee
- D.C. Code § 19-1307.07Delivery of property by former trustee
- D.C. Code § 19-1307.08Compensation of trustee
- D.C. Code § 19-1307.09Reimbursement of expenses
- D.C. Code § 19-1308.01Duty to administer trust
- D.C. Code § 19-1308.02Duty of loyalty
- D.C. Code § 19-1308.03Impartiality
- D.C. Code § 19-1308.04Prudent administration
- D.C. Code § 19-1308.05Costs of administration
- D.C. Code § 19-1308.06Trustee’s skills
- D.C. Code § 19-1308.07Delegation by trustee
- D.C. Code § 19-1308.08Powers to direct
- D.C. Code § 19-1308.09Control and protection of trust property
- D.C. Code § 19-1308.10Recordkeeping and identification of trust property
- D.C. Code § 19-1308.11Enforcement and defense of claims
- D.C. Code § 19-1308.12Collecting trust property
- D.C. Code § 19-1308.13Duty to inform and report
- D.C. Code § 19-1308.14Discretionary powers; tax savings
- D.C. Code § 19-1308.15General powers of trustee
- D.C. Code § 19-1308.16Specific powers of trustee
- D.C. Code § 19-1308.17Distribution upon termination
- D.C. Code § 19-1309.01Prudent investor rule
- D.C. Code § 19-1309.02Standard of care; portfolio strategy; risk and return objectives
- D.C. Code § 19-1309.03Diversification
- D.C. Code § 19-1309.04Duties at inception of trusteeship
- D.C. Code § 19-1309.05Reviewing compliance
- D.C. Code § 19-1309.06Language invoking standard of subchapter
- D.C. Code § 19-1310.01Remedies for breach of trust
- D.C. Code § 19-1310.02Damages for breach of trust
- D.C. Code § 19-1310.03Damages in absence of breach
- D.C. Code § 19-1310.04Attorney’s fees and costs
- D.C. Code § 19-1310.05Limitation of action against trustee
- D.C. Code § 19-1310.06Reliance on trust instrument
- D.C. Code § 19-1310.07Event affecting administration or distribution
- D.C. Code § 19-1310.08Exculpation of trustee
- D.C. Code § 19-1310.09Beneficiary’s consent, release, or ratification
- D.C. Code § 19-1310.10Limitation on personal liability of trustee
- D.C. Code § 19-1310.11Interest as general partner
- D.C. Code § 19-1310.12Protection of person dealing with trustee
- D.C. Code § 19-1310.13Certification of trust
- D.C. Code § 19-1311.01Uniformity of application and construction
- D.C. Code § 19-1311.02Electronic records and signatures
- D.C. Code § 19-1311.03Application to existing relationships
Enacted in other states
Alabama, Colorado, Connecticut, Hawaii, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Mississippi, Montana, North Carolina, North Dakota, Nebraska, New Jersey, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Oregon, Tennessee, West Virginia, Wyoming
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