22 U.S.C. § 1431
Section 1431 · Congressional declaration of objectives
This is the United States Information and Educational Exchange Act of 1948
Amended 2 times on record
Applied in 2 court decisions — leading case 135 F. Supp. 590 - United States v. O'CONNOR (1955)
Most recently applied in Visage Express, Inc. v. State Board of Cosmetologists (July 1996)
How often courts cite this section
Court decisions citing this, by year.Markers show enactment, consequential amendments, and circuit splits over this section — watch for a citation surge after a change or a disagreement. The dip in the last several years is a data-coverage gap, not a real trend — our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so recent citations are undercounted.
The Congress declares that the objectives of this chapter are to enable the Government of the United States to promote a better understanding of the United States in other countries, and to increase mutual understanding between the people of the United States and the people of other countries. Among the means to be used in achieving these objectives are—
(1) an information service to disseminate abroad information about the United States, its people, and policies promulgated by the Congress, the President, the Secretary of State and other responsible officials of Government having to do with matters affecting foreign affairs;
(2) Repealed. Pub. L. 87–256, §111(a)(2), Sept. 21, 1961, 75 Stat. 538.
Editorial notes U.S. Code · Office of the Law Revision Counsel
Amendments
1961—Pub. L. 87–256 repealed par. (2) which authorized an educational exchange service to cooperate with other nations in the interchange of persons, knowledge, and skills, in the rendering of technical and other services, and in the interchange of developments in the field of education, the arts, and sciences. See section 2451 et seq. of this title.
Termination of Chapter
Section 1006 of act Jan. 27, 1948, provided that: “The authority granted under this Act [this chapter] shall terminate whenever such termination is directed by concurrent resolution of the two Houses of the Congress.”
Short Title of 1983 Amendment
For short title of Pub. L. 98–111, which enacted subchapter V–A of this chapter, as the “Radio Broadcasting to Cuba Act”, see section 1 of Pub. L. 98–111, set out as a Short Title note under section 1465 of this title.
Short Title of 1973 Amendment
Pub. L. 93–168, Nov. 29, 1973, 87 Stat. 688, which amended section 1476 of this title, is known as the “United States Information Agency Appropriations Authorization Act of 1973”. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title of 1973 Amendment note set out under section 1476 of this title and Tables.
Short Title
Section 1 of act Jan. 27, 1948, provided that: “This Act [enacting this chapter] may be cited as the ‘United States Information and Educational Exchange Act of 1948’.”
Separability
Section 1010 of act Jan. 27, 1948, provided that: “If any provision of this Act [enacting this chapter] or the application of any such provision to any person or circumstance shall be held invalid, the validity of the remainder of the Act [this chapter] and the applicability of such provision to other persons or circumstances shall not be affected thereby.”
Transfer of Functions
All functions vested in the President, the Secretary of State, the Department of State, the United States Information Agency, or the Director thereof, under this chapter, were transferred to the Director of the International Communication Agency by Reorg. Plan No. 2 of 1977, §7(a)(1), 42 F.R. 62461, 91 Stat. 1637, set out under section 1461 of this title, effective on or before July 1, 1978, at such time as specified by the President, except to the extent that such functions were vested in the President under sections 1452, 1456, and 1467 of this title. The International Communication Agency, and the Director thereof, were redesignated the United States Information Agency, and the Director thereof, by section 303 of Pub. L. 97–241, title III, Aug. 24, 1982, 96 Stat. 291, set out as a note under section 1461 of this title.
Continuation of Certain Executive Orders, Agreements, Determinations, Regulations, Contracts, Appointments, and Other Actions
Continuation in full force and effect, and applicability to the appropriate provisions of the Mutual Educational and Cultural Exchange Act of 1961, set out as section 2451 et seq. of this title, until modified or superseded by appropriate authority, of all Executive orders, agreements, determinations, regulations, contracts, appointments, and other actions issued, concluded, or taken under authority of this section, see section 111(b) of Pub. L. 87–256, set out as a note under section 2451 of this title.