31 U.S.C. § 1103
Section 1103 · Budget ceiling
Amended 1 time on record
Applied in 4 court decisions — leading case United States v. Forty-Eight Thousand, Five Hundred Ninety-Five Dollars (1983)
Most recently applied in 616 F. Supp. 24 - United States v. Viomar Co. (March 1985)
How often courts cite this section
Court decisions citing this, by year.Markers show enactment, consequential amendments, and circuit splits over this section — watch for a citation surge after a change or a disagreement. The dip in the last several years is a data-coverage gap, not a real trend — our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so recent citations are undercounted.
Congress reaffirms its commitment that budget outlays of the United States Government for a fiscal year may be not more than the receipts of the Government for that year.
Editorial notes U.S. Code · Office of the Law Revision Counsel
The word “total” is omitted as surplus. The words “for a fiscal year” are substituted for “beginning with Fiscal Year 1981” because of the restatement and to eliminate executed words. The words “for that year” are added because of the restatement.