42 U.S.C. § 4910
Section 4910 · Enforcement
Amended 2 times on record
Applied in 7 court decisions — leading case Southern Union Co. v. United States (2012)
Most recently applied in Southern Union Co. v. United States (June 2012)
How often courts cite this section
Court decisions citing this, by year.Markers show enactment, consequential amendments, and circuit splits over this section — watch for a citation surge after a change or a disagreement. The dip in the last several years is a data-coverage gap, not a real trend — our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so recent citations are undercounted.
(1) Any person who willfully or knowingly violates paragraph (1), (3), (5), or (6) of subsection (a) of section 4909 of this title shall be punished by a fine of not more than $25,000 per day of violation, or by imprisonment for not more than one year, or by both. If the conviction is for a violation committed after a first conviction of such person under this subsection, punishment shall be by a fine of not more than $50,000 per day of violation, or by imprisonment for not more than two years, or by both.
(2) Any person who violates paragraph (1), (3), (5), or (6) of subsection (a) of section 4909 of this title shall be subject to a civil penalty not to exceed $10,000 per day of such violation.
For the purpose of this section, each day of violation of any paragraph of section 4909(a) of this title shall constitute a separate violation of that section.
The district courts of the United States shall have jurisdiction of actions brought by and in the name of the United States to restrain any violations of section 4909(a) of this title.
(1) Whenever any person is in violation of section 4909(a) of this title, the Administrator may issue an order specifying such relief as he determines is necessary to protect the public health and welfare.
(2) Any order under this subsection shall be issued only after notice and opportunity for a hearing in accordance with section 554 of title 5.
The term “person,” as used in this section, does not include a department, agency, or instrumentality of the United States.
Editorial notes U.S. Code · Office of the Law Revision Counsel
Amendments
1978—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 95–609 redesignated existing provisions as par. (1) and added par. (2).