44 U.S.C. § 3512
Section 3512 · Public protection
Amended 2 times on record
Applied in 110 court decisions — leading case Dole v. United Steelworkers (1990)
Most recently applied in Gilbert Hyatt v. Office of Mgt. and Budget (November 2018)
Cases citing this section usually also cite 44 U.S.C. § 3501 · 44 U.S.C. § 3507 · 44 U.S.C. § 3502
How often courts cite this section
Court decisions citing this, by year.Markers show enactment, consequential amendments, and circuit splits over this section — watch for a citation surge after a change or a disagreement. The dip in the last several years is a data-coverage gap, not a real trend — our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so recent citations are undercounted.
(a) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, no person shall be subject to any penalty for failing to comply with a collection of information that is subject to this subchapter if—
(1) the collection of information does not display a valid control number assigned by the Director in accordance with this subchapter; or
(2) the agency fails to inform the person who is to respond to the collection of information that such person is not required to respond to the collection of information unless it displays a valid control number.
(b) The protection provided by this section may be raised in the form of a complete defense, bar, or otherwise at any time during the agency administrative process or judicial action applicable thereto.
Editorial notes U.S. Code · Office of the Law Revision Counsel
Prior Provisions
A prior section 3512, added Pub. L. 96–511, §2(a), Dec. 11, 1980, 94 Stat. 2822, related to protection of persons failing to maintain or provide information if information collection request did not display current control number prior to the general amendment of this chapter by Pub. L. 104–13.
Another prior section 3512, added Pub. L. 93–153, title IV, §409(b), Nov. 16, 1973, 87 Stat. 593, related to information for independent regulatory agencies, prior to the general amendment of this chapter by Pub. L. 96–511.
Amendments
2000—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 106–398 substituted “subchapter” for “chapter” in introductory provisions and par. (1).
Effective Date of 2000 Amendment
Amendment by Pub. L. 106–398 effective 30 days after Oct. 30, 2000, see section 1 [[div. A], title X, §1065] of Pub. L. 106–398, set out as an Effective Date note under section 3531 of this title.