45 U.S.C. § 161
Section 161 · Effect of partial invalidity of chapter
This is the Railway Labor Act
Amended 1 time on record
Applied in 1 court decisions — leading case 13 F. Supp. 2d 912 - Adler v. I & M Rail Link, L.L.C. (1998)
Most recently applied in 13 F. Supp. 2d 912 - Adler v. I & M Rail Link, L.L.C. (June 1998)
How often courts cite this section
Court decisions citing this, by year.Markers show enactment, consequential amendments, and circuit splits over this section — watch for a citation surge after a change or a disagreement. The dip in the last several years is a data-coverage gap, not a real trend — our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so recent citations are undercounted.
If any provision of this chapter, or the application thereof to any person or circumstance, is held invalid, the remainder of the chapter, and the application of such provision to other persons or circumstances, shall not be affected thereby.
Editorial notes U.S. Code · Office of the Law Revision Counsel
Separability; Repeal of Inconsistent Provisions
Section 8 of act June 21, 1934, provided that: “If any section, subsection, sentence, clause, or phrase of this Act [amending sections 151 to 158, 160, and 162 of this title] is for any reason held to be unconstitutional, such decision shall not affect the validity of the remaining portions of this Act. All Acts or parts of Acts inconsistent with the provisions of this Act are hereby repealed.”