5 U.S.C. § 105
Section 105 · Executive agency
Amended 1 time on record
Applied in 85 court decisions — leading case Kizas v. Webster (1983)
Most recently applied in Lambro v. United States (January 2024)
How often courts cite this section
Court decisions citing this, by year.Markers show enactment, consequential amendments, and circuit splits over this section — watch for a citation surge after a change or a disagreement. The dip in the last several years is a data-coverage gap, not a real trend — our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so recent citations are undercounted.
For the purpose of this title, “Executive agency” means an Executive department, a Government corporation, and an independent establishment.
Editorial notes U.S. Code · Office of the Law Revision Counsel
Historical and Revision Notes
The section is supplied to avoid the necessity for defining “Executive agency” each time it is used in this title.