Black's Law Dictionary

In Spanish law. Gains dr profits resulting from the employment of property held by husband and wife in common. White, New Recop. b. 1, tit. 7, c. 5.

Officers in ancient times whose business it was to examine weights and measures. Skene.

The time when the bounds of the parish are lustrated or gone over by the parish officers,—rogation week. Enc. Lond.

(pronounced "gauntlett.") A military punishment, in which the criminal running between the ranks receives a lash from each man. Enc. Lond. This was called "running the gauntlett."

A prison for temporary confinement; a jail; a place for the confinement of offenders against the law. There is said to be a distinction between "gaol" and "prison ;" the former bei

In criminal law. The delivery or clearing of a gaol of the prisoners confined therein, by trying them. In popular speech, the clearing of a gaol by the escape of the prisoners. —Ge

The master or keeper of a prison; one who has the custody of a place where prisoners are confined.

A district around a gaol, defined by limits, within which prisoners are allowed to go at large on giving security to return. It is considered a part of the gaol.

A warranty. Spelman.

In French law. This word corresponds to warranty or covenants for title in English law. In the case of a sale this garantie extends to two things: (1) Peaceful possession of the th

In old Lombardic law. A gift; a free or absolute gift; a gift of the whole of a thing. Spelman.

L. Fr. In old English law. A warrantor of land; a vouchee; one bound by a warranty to defend the title and seisin of his alienee, or, on default thereof, and on eviction of the ten

In old English law. A bundle or sheaf. Blada in garbis, corn or grain in sheaves. Reg. Orig. 96; Bract, fol. 209. —Garha sagittarum. A sheaf of arrows, containing twenty-four. Othe

In Scotch law. Tithes of corn, (grain.) Bell.

In English statutes. To sort or cull out the good from the bad in spices, drugs, etc. Cowell. —Garbler of spices. An ancient officer in the city of London, who might enter into any

An ancient officer in the city of London, who might enter into any shop, warehouse, etc., to view and search drugs and spices, and garble and make clean the same, or see that it be

Servants who follow a camp. Wals. 242.

Groom of the stole,

A keeper; a guardian.

A small piece of land, appropriated to the cultivation of herbs, fruits, flowers or vegetables. Pcople v. Greenburgh, 57 N. Y. 550; Ferry v. Livingston, 115 U. S. 542, 6 Sup. Ct 17

L. Fr. Custody; wardship.

In old English law. A guardian, defender or protector. In feudal law, gardio. Spelman. A warden. Oardianus ecclesiæ, a churchwarden. Oardianus quinque portuum, warden of the Cinque

In old English law. A garden. Reg. Orig. lb, 2.

It. Fr. Wardship; care; custody; also the ward of a city.

L. Fr. A warren; a privileged place for keeping animals.

A sheaf of arrows, containing twenty-four. Otherwise calied "schaf-fa sagittarum." Skene.

In old English law. Victuals, arms, and other implements of war, necessary for the defense of a town or castle. Mat. Par. 1250.

n. In English law. Money paid by a prisoner to his fellow-prisoners on his entrance into prison. v. To warn or summon. To issue process of garnishment against a person.

One garnished; a person against whom process of garnishment is issued; one who has money or property in his possession belonging to a defendant or who owes the defendant a debt, wh

In the process of attachment. A warning to a person in whose hands the efforts of another are attached not to pay the money or deliver the property of the defendant in his hands to

In old English law. Garniture; whatever is necossary for the fortification of a city or camp or for the ornament of a thing. 8 Rymer, 328; Du Cange; Cowell; Blount.

A method of inflicting the death penalty on convicted criminals practised in Spain. Portugal, and some Spanish-American countries, consisting in strangulation by means of an iron c

In old English law. An amerciament or flne. Cowell.

A string or ribbon by which the stocking is held upon the leg. The mark of the highest order of English knighthood, ranking next after the nobility. This military order of knightho

not a member of the college. Scotland is placed under an officer called "Lyon King-at-Arms," and Ireland is the province of one named "Ulster." Wharton.

In English law. A yard; a little close or homestead in the north of England. Cowell; Blount. A dam or wear in a river, for the catching of fish.

In old Scotch law. Warder. 1 Pitc. Crirn. Tr. pt. 1, p. 8.

A temporary governor of the country. Blount. A baillff or steward. Speiman.

L. Fr. Wastel; wastel bread; the finest sort of wheat bread. Britt, c. 30; Kelham.

L. Fr. Waste or uncultivated ground. Britt, c. 57.

A term used in the English universities to denote double commons.

The measure of width of a rall-way, fixed, with some exceptions, at 4 feet 8 inches in Great Britain and America, and 5 feet 3 inches in Ireland.

A gauger. Lowell.

A surveying officer under the customs, excise, and internal revenue laws, appointed to examine all tuns, pipes, hogsheads, barrels and tierces of wine, oil, and other liquids, and

A gauge or gauging; a measure of the contents of any vessel.

In English law. Custom; tribute ; toll; yearly rent; payment of revenue; of which there were anciently several sorts; as gavel-corn, gavel-malt, oat-gavel, gavel-fodder, etc. Terme

Rent reserved in bread, corn, or provision; rent payable in kind. Cowell.

A eertnin measure of rent-ale. Cowell.

An ancient and special kind of cessavit, used in Kent and London for the recovery of rent. Obsolete. The statute of gavelet is 10 Edw. II. 2 Reeve, Eng. Law, c. 12, p. 298. See Emi

That which yields annual profit or toll. The tribute or toll itself. Cowell; Du Cange.

A service of plowing performed by a customary tenant. Cowell; Du Cange.

Tenants who paid a reserved rent, besides some customary duties to be done by them. Cowell.

A species of socage tenure common in Kent, in England, where the lands descend to all the sens or heirs of the nearest degree, together; may be disposed of by wlll; do not escheat

An officer of the English crown having the general management of the mines, pits, and quarries in the Forest of Dean and Hundred of St. Briavel's, subject, in some respects, to the

A tenant liable to the payment of gavel or tribute. Somn. Gavelkind, 23.

A customary service of mowing meadow-land or cutting grass, (consuetudo fol-candt.) Blount.

Bedreap or bid-reap; the duty of reaping at the bid or command of the lord. Somn. Gavelkind, 19, 21; Cowell.

A customary service, either manuopera, by the person of the tenant, or cwrropera, by his carte or carriages Blount; Somn.' Gavelkind, 24; Du Cange.

The official publication of the English government, also called the "London Gazette," It is evidence of acts of state, and of everything done by the king in his political capacity.

An Anglo-Saxon term, meaning "conveyed."

In Saxon law. To convey; to transfer boc land, (book-land or land held by charter.) The grantor was said to gebo-dan the alienee. See 1 Reeve, Eng. Law, 10.

In old English law. Neighborhood or adjoining district. Cowell.

In old English law. A country neighbor; an Inhabitant of the same geb-mrscript or village. Cowell.

In Saxon law. Money or tribute. A mulct, compensation, value, price. Angeld was the single value of a thing; twigeld, doable value, etc. So, weregeld was the value of a man slain;

In old English law. Taxable ; geldable.

Liable to pay geld; liable to be taxed. Kelham.

A horse that has been castrated, and which ls thus distinguished from the horse in his natural and unaltered condition. A "ridgling" (a half-castrated horse) is not a gelding, but

Lat In the civil law. A gem; a precious stone. Gems were distinguished by their transparency; such as emeralds, chrysolites, amethysts. Dig. 34, 2, 19, 17.

In Saxon law. A meeting or moot; a convention; a public assemblage. These were of several sorts, such as the witena-gemot or meeting of the wise men; the folc-gemot or general asse

The head of a family.

In Saxon law. A villein or agricultural tenant, (villanus villicus;) a hind or farmer, (firmarius rusticus.) Spelman.

Lat. In the civil law. A son-in-law; a daughter's husband. (Filias vir.) Dig. 38, 10, 4, a

Pertaining to or designating, the genus or class, as distinguished from that which characterizes the species or individual. Universal, not particularized; as opposed to special. Pr

The charter of a corporation is its general" franchise, while a "special" franchise consists in any rights granted by the public to use property for a public use but with private p

Where issues of fact in a case are submitted to the court by consent of parties to be tried without a jury, the "finding" is the decision of the court as to the disputed facts, and

In marine insurance a general insurance is effected when the perils insured against are such as the law would imply from the nature of the contract considered in itself and supposi

A power is general when it authorizes the alienation in fee, by means of a conveyance, will, or charge, of the lands embraced in the power to any alienee whatsoever. It is special

A general power is in trust when any person or class of persons other than the grantee of such power ls designated as entitled to the proceeds or any portion of the proceeds or oth

Appraisers appointed under an act of congress to afford nid and assistance to the collectors of customs in the appraisement of imported merchandise. Gibb v. Washington, 10 Fed. Cas

A name given in some of the United States to the senate and house of representatives, which compose the legislative body. See State v. Gear, 5 Ohio Dec. 569.

An assignment made for the benefit of all the assignor's creditors, instead of a few only; or one which transfers the whole of his estate to the assignee, instead of a part only. R

A species of challenge for cause, being an objection to a particular juror, to the effect that the juror is disqualified from serving in any case. Pen. Code Cal. § 1071.

A charge or instruction by the court to the jury upon the case as a whole, or upon its general features or characteristics.

(1) A council consisting of members of the Roman Catholic Church from most paris of the world, but not from every part, as an ecumenical council. (2) One of the names of the Englis

The name given to the legislature of Massachusetts and of New Haimj-shire, in colonial times, and subsequently i5y their constitutions; so called because the colonial legislature o

The character of a witness as one generally worthy of credit. According to Bouvier, there ls a distinction between this and "particular credit," which may be affected by proof of p

A creditor at large (supra), or one who has no lien or security for the payment of his debt or claim. King v. Fraser, 23 S. C. 543, Wolcott v. Ashenfelter, 5 N. M. 442, 23 Pac. 7SO

The usual commons in a religious house, distinguished from pietan-tiœ, which on extraordinary occasions were aliowed beyond the commons. Cowell.

A general expression is to be interpreted generally. 8 Coke, 116a.

(1) One at which the officers to be elected are such as belong to the general government, —that is, the general and central political organization of the whole state; as distinguis

A general expression implies nothing certain. 2 Coke, 34b. A general recital in a deed has not the effect of an estoppel. Best, Ev. p. 408, § 370.

What is general is of as much force among general things as what is particular is among things particular. 11 Coke, 59 b.

One whose power is not limited either territorially or as to the duration or subject of his trust.

Several distinct lots or pieces of land inclosed and fenced in as one common field. Mansfield v. Hawkes, 14 Mass. 440.

This phrase, in New York, is a collective designation of all the assets of the state which furnish the means for the support of government and for defraying the discretionary appro

In English law. At the assizes (q. v.) the judges sit by virtue of five several authorities, one of which is the commission of "general gaol delivery." This empowers them to try an

Things general precede, things special follow. Reg. Brev.; Branch, Prion.

Jenk. Cont. 120, cited In R. 4 Exch. 226. General words do not derogate from special.

Branch, Princ. General things are to precede particular things.

General words are to be understood generally or in a general sense. 3 Inst 76; Broom, Max. 647.