Black's Law Dictionary

As the third letter of the alphabet, is used as a numeral, in like manner with that use of A and B, (q. vt) The letter is also used to designate the third of a series of propositio

A small association for the purpose of intrigue; an intrigue. This name was given to that ministry in the reign of Charles II. formed by Clifford, Ashley; Buckingham, Arlington, an

In French commercial law. A factor or broker.

Pertaining to a horse. It was a feudal tenure of lands, the tenant furnishing a horseman suitably equipped in time of war or when the lord had occasion for his service.

In Spanish law. An allotment of land acquired by conquest, to a horse soldier. It was a strip one hundred feet wide by two hundred feet deep. The term has been sometimes used in th

In Spanish law. A knight. So called on account of its being more honorable to go on horseback (a caballo) than on any other beast.

The advisory board or council of a king or other chief executive. In the government of the United States the cabinet is composed of the secretary of state, the see-cretary of the t

In English law. A private and confidential assembly of the most considerable ministers of state, to concert measures for the administration of public affairs; first established by

A large and strong rope or chain, such as is attached to a vessel's anchors or the traction-rope of a street railway Operated by the cable system, (Hooper v. Railway Co., 85 Md. 50

Brush-wood or more properly windfall-wood.

An inferior baillff, or catchpoll. Jacob.

In Spanlsh-American law. Property entailed on the caciques or heads of Indian villages, and their descendants. Schm. Civil Law, 309.

In Spanish law. An official statement of the quantity and value of real property in any district, made for the purpose of justly apportioning the taxes payable on such property. 12

In French law. An official statement of the quantity and value of realty made for purposes of taxation; same as cadastre, (q. v.)

A dead human body; a corpse. Cadaver nullius in bonis, no one can have a right of property In a corpse. 3 Co. Inst. 110, 2 Bl. Comm. 429 ; Griffith v. Railroad Co.., 23 S. C. 32, 5

Lat. To end; cease; fail. As in the phrases cadit actio, (or breve,) the action (or writ) fails; cadit assisa, the assise abates; cadit quæstio, the discussion ends, there is no ro

In the United States laws, students in the military academy at West Point are styled "cadets;" students in the naval academy at Annapolis, "cadet midshipmen." Rev. St. §§ 1309, 151

The name of a Turkish civil magistrate.

Lat. It falls, abates, falls, ends, ceases. See Cadere.

The question falls; the discussion ends; there is no room for further argument.

In the civil law. Property of an inheritable quality; property such as descends to an heir. Also the lapse of a testamentary disposition or legacy. Also an escheat ; escheated prop

Relating to or of the nature of escheat, forfeiture or cenflscation. 2 Bl. Comm. 245.

In the Roman law. A cognomen in the Gens Jniia, which was assumed by the successors of Julius. Tayl. Civil Law, 31.

In old English law. A head of land; a headland. Cowell.

In old French law. A list of grievances prepared for deputies In the states-general. A petition for the redress of grievances enumerated.

An English statute for enabling the court of chancery to award damages. 21 & 22 Vlct. c. 27.

A term used vulgarly, and occasionally in judicial proceedings and law reports, to designate a jail or prison, partic-uarly a town or city jail or lock-up. Supposed to be a corrupt

A causeway or common hard-way, maintained and repaired with stones and rubbish.

In old French law. A punishment of sailors, resembling the modem "keelhauling."

In old law. A right to take fuel yearly. Cowell.

1. The established order of the division of time into years, months, weeks, and days; or a systematized enumeration of such arrangement; an almanac. Rives v. Guthrie, 46 N. C. 86 —

So many days reckoned according to the course of the calendar. For example, a note dated January 1st and payable "thirty calendar days after date," without grace, is payable on the

One of the months of the year as enumerated in the calendar, —January, February, March, etc., —without reference to the number of days it may con-tnin; as distinguished from a luna

In practice. A list of the causes instituted in the particular court, and now ready for trini, drawn up by the clerk shortly before the beginning of the term, exhibiting the tides

In English practice. A list kept by the sheriffs containing the names of all the prisoners in their custody, with the several judgments agninst each in the margin. Staundef. P. C.

The calendar year is composed of twelve months, varying in length according to the common or Gregorian calendar. In re Parker's Estate, 14 Wkly. Notes Cas. (Pa.) 566. 2. A list or

Among the Romans the first day of every month, being spoken of by itself or the very day of the new moon, which usually happen together. And if pridie, the day before, be added to

A metaphorical expression for a time never likely to arrive.

n. 1. In English law. The election of students to the degree of barrister at law, hence the coremony or epoch of election, and the number of persens elected. 2. In conveyancing. A

In the law of corporations, a meeting not held at a time specially appointed for it by the charter or by-laws, but assembled in pursuance of a "call" or summons proceeding from som

In Scotch law. A gift to the head of a clan, as an acknowledgment for protection and maintenance.

In the civil law. Calumny, malice or ill design; a false accusation; a malicious prosecution. Lanning v. Christy, 30 Ohio St 115, 27 Am. Rep. 481. In the old common law. A claim, d

In the civll law. One who accused another of a crime without cause; one who brought a false accusation. Cod. 9, 46.

In the old canon law. An oath simliar to the calumnia jusjurandum, (q. v.)

The oath of calumny. An oath imposed upon the parties to a suit that they did not sue or defend with the intention of calumniating, (calumniandi animo,) i. e., with a malicious des

Defamation; slander; false accusation of a crime or offense. See Calumnia.

In Spanish law. A treasury. Las Partidas, pt. 6, tit. 3, 1, 2. The exchequer. White, New Recop. b. 3, tit. 8, c. L

A chamberlain. Spelman.

In old English law. An exchanger. Cambiatores monetœ, exchangers of money; money-changers.

A champertor.

In Spanish law. Exchange. Schm. Civll Law, 148.

Champerty; from campus, a field, and partus, divided. Spelman.

In mercantile law. A person skilled in exchanges; one who trades in promissory notes and bills of exchange.

In the civil law. Change or exchange. A term applied indifferently to the exchange of land, money or debts. Cambium reale or manuale was the term generally used to denote the techn

In old English law. A chamber, room or apartment; a judge's chamber; a treasury; a chest or coffer. Also, a stipend payable from vassal to lord; an annuity. —Camera regis. In old E

The science of finance or public revenue, comprehending the means of raising and disposing of it.

In old English law. A chamber of the king; a place of peculiar privileges especially in a commercial point of view.

A chamberlain; a keeper of the public money; a treasurer. Also a bailiff or receiver.

The old name of the exchequer chamber, (g. v.)

The star chamber, (q. vt)

In Spanish law. A road or highway. Las Partidas, pt. 3, tit. 2, 1. 6.

In old European law. A bell. Spelman. —Campana bajnla. A small handbell used in the ceremonies of the Romish church ; and, among Protestants, by sextons, parish clerks, and criers.

A small handbell used in the ceremonies of the Romish church ; and, among Protestants, by sextons, parish clerks, and criers. Cowell.

A belfry, bell tower, or steeple; a place where bells are hung. Spelman; Townsh. PI. 191, 213.

A part of a larger field or ground, which would otherwise be in gross or in common.

A share; a champertor's share; a champertous division or sharing of land.

A corn-field; a field of grain. Blount; Cowell; Jacob.

In old English law. The fighting of two champions or combatants in the field; the judicial combat or duellum. 3 Inst. 22L

In old European law. An assembly of the people; so called from being anciently held in the open air, in some plain capable of containing a large number of persons. In feudal and ol

The field of May. An anniversary assembly of the Saxons, held on May-day, when they confederated for the defense of the kingdom against nil its enemies.

The field of March. See Champ he Mars.

A Spanish measure, of length varying (in different localities) from about five to seven feet.

An artificial ditch or trench in the earth, for confining water to a defined channel, to be used for purposes of transportation. The meaning of this word, when applied to artificia

To obliterate, strike or cross out; to destroy the effect of an instrument by defacing, obliterating, expunging or erasing it. In equity. Courts of equity frequently cancel instrum

Chancery; the court of chancery. Curia cancellaria is also used In the same sense. See 4Bl. Comm. 46; Cowell.

The dignity of the chancellor of England is that he is deemed the second from the sovereign in the kingdom. 4 Inst. 78.

A ehancollor; a scrivener or notary. A Janitor or one who stood at the door of the court and was accustomed to carry out the commands Of the judges.

In old English law. A cancelling. Bract. 398b.

The rails or lattice work or balusters inclosing the bar of a court of justice or the communion table. Also the lines drawn on the face of a wlil or other writing, with the Intenti

A person who offers himself or is presented by others, to be elected to an office. Derived from the Latin candidus, (white,) because in Rome It was the custom for those who sought

In English law. A festival appointed by the church to be observed on the second day of February in every year, in honor of the purification of the Virgin Mary, being forty days aft

In old records. A trial by hot iron, formerly used in England. Whlsh-aw.

1. A law, rule or ordinance in general, and of the church in particular. An ecclesiastical law or statute. —Canon law. A body of ecclesiastical jurisprudence which, in countries wh

Pertaining to or in conformity to, the canons of the church. —Canonical obedience. That duty which a clergyman owes to the bishop who ordained him, to the bishop in whose diocese h

That duty which a clergyman owes to the bishop who ordained him, to the bishop in whose diocese he is beneficed, and also to the metropolitan of such bishop. Wharton.

In old English law. A canon. Fleta, lib. 2, c. 69, § 2.

One versed and skilled in the canon law; a professor of ecolesiastical law.

A body of ecclesiastical jurisprudence which, in countries where the Roman Catholic church is established, is composed of maxims and rules drawn from patristic sources, oniinances

In ecclesiastical records. A book wherein the religious of every greater convent had a fair transcript of the rules of their order, frequentlv read among hem as their iocal statute

In English ecolesiastical law. An ecclesiastical benefice, attaching to the office of canon. Holthouse.

The legal rules by which inheritan-es are regulated, and according to which Bl. Comm. 208. 3. A dignitary of the English church, be-ig a prebendary or member of a cathedral hapten.

The immediate cause ; the last link in the chnin of causation.

The cause of a cause is the cause of the thing caused. 12 Mod. 639. The cause of the cause is to be considered as the cause of the effect also.

In the civil law. Consideration given and not followed, that is, by the event upon which it was given. The name of an action by which a thing given in the view of a certam event wa

The cause and origin is the substance of the thing; the cause and origin of a thing are a material part of it. The law regards the original act. 1 Coke, 99.

For the purpose of being entertained as a guest. 4 Maule & S. 310.

A form of action which anciently lay against a party who boasted or gave out that he or she was married to the plaintiff, whereby a common reputation of their marriage might ensue.

The immediate, not the remote, cause, is looked at, or considered. 12 East, 648 ; 3 Kent, Comm. 302; Story, Bailm. § 515; Ban. Max. reg. 1.

A base (immoral or illegal) cause or consideration.

5 Coke, 57. A vague and uncertain cause is not a reasonable cause.