A New Law Dictionary and Glossary

Gavel. [L. Lat. gabella, gabellum, gablum; from Sax. gafol, gafel, qq. v.] In old English law. A tax, duty, impost, custom or tribute; a rent or service. Cowell.

Lat. [Fr. gabelle.] In old European law. A tax or duty on merchandise, or personal property. Spelman, Cowell. A tax on salt in France. Spelman. Brande. Gabellatus, a collector of t

Gabellum. L. Lat. [from Sax. gafol, gafel, qq. v.] In old English law. A rent. Domesday. LL. Ince, c. 66. Hagas reddentes novem libras de gablo; houses paying nine pounds of rent.

Gabulum, Gabula. L. Lat. In old records. The head, end or extreme part of a house or building; the gable, or gable end. Kennett's Gloss. Cowell.

Gafole, Gafel, Gaful. Sax. Rent, or income; tax, tribute or custom. Bere gafol; a rent payable in barley. Gafol land or gaful land; rented land; land letten for rent, (terra censa.

Sax. [from gafol, rent, and gild, payment.] The payment of rent or income. Gafolgildenhuse; a house paying an annual rent. Spelman, voc. Gabella.

Estates in. Estates held as security; of which mortgages are the most common examples. See Mortgage.

Fr. [L. Lat. vadiare,] In old English law. To give or find security or surety for doing a thing; to wage. Gager ley; to wage law; to give security for making it. Britt. c. 27. Thel

Gaignere. L.Fr. Wainage. Kelham. See Gainage.

Fr. Gainery; busbandry. Kelham.

Fr. To till or cultivate; to obtain by husbandry. Kelham.

[L. Fr. gainer, q. v.] In old English law. To cultivate or till. See Gainer, Gainage, Arable land was called hyde and gain. Co. Litt. 85 b.

Fr. & Eng. [L. Lat. gainagium, wainagium; L. Fr. gaignage, from Fr. gainer, to cultivate; or Sax. waen, a wain or wagon.] In old English law. Implements of husbandry or plough tack

Gaigner, Gayner. L. Fr. To cultivate, plough or till. Bestes queux gainont sa terre; beasts which gain or till his land. Stat. 51 Hen. III. cited 2 Inst. 132. See Gayner.

[L. Fr. gaignarie.] In old English law. Tillage, or the profit of tillage. Blount. See Gainer.

In old English law. A sokeman; one who occupied or cultivated arable land. 0. N. B. fol. 12.

Gagium. L. Lat. In old European law. A thick wood. LL. Longob. lib. 1, tit. 25, 1. 38. Spelman,

Galeia, Galeida. L. Lat. In old records. A piratical vessel; a galley. Spelman. Pyratae cum galeiis alta maris custodientes; pirates keeping the high seas with their gallies. Matt.

Fr. Wales. Stat. Westm. 1, c. 17. North Gales; North Wales. Litt. sect. 265.

Gallyhalfpence. A kind of coin which, with suskins and dotkins, was prohibited by the statute 3 Hen. V. c. 1. 4 Bl. Com. 99. 3 Reeves' Hist. 261. Said to have been a Genoa coin, br

[L. Fr. galon; L. Lat. galo, qq. v.] A measure of capacity, adopted in New-York as the unit or standard from which all other measures of capacity are to be derived and ascertained.

Lat. In old European law. A stroke or blow. L. Boior. tit. 2, c. 4, § fin. Spelman.

Lat. In old European law. A son or child bom in lawful marriage. LL. Longob. lib. 2, tit. 55, 1. 7. Spelman. A child bom of persons betrothed, but not actually married. Id.

All such animals as are ferae naturae and objects of the chase. 2 Bl. Com. 410. Wharton's Lex. Defined by a late English statute (1 & 2 Will. IV. c. 32,) as including hares, pheasa

Laws for the preservation of game; usually specifying at what times, by what means, (and, in some cases, by what persons,) certain descriptions of shall be pursued and taken.* The

The act or practice of playing any gSLme, particularly games of ha* zard; which in certain cases is an indictable offence. Lewis' U. S. Crim. Law, 335 — 348. 1 Russell on Crimes, 3

In old European law. Murdered; secretly slain or made away with. Si servus furtivo modo, supradicto more occisus fuerit, et ita absconsus, quod gemurdrit dicunt; if a slave be secr

In English ecclesiastical law. An ecclesiastical benefice, attaching to the office of canon. Holthouse. 1 Man. dt Gr. 626.

[L. Fr. gaole; L. Lat gaola, qq. v.] A place of confinement or safe keeping.* Commonly defined also as a prison^ from which, however, it seems properly to be distinguishable; a gao

Lat. In old English law. A gaol. Bract. fol. 100, 110. Ad gaolam deliberandam; ad gaolas deliberandas; for delivering a gaol or gaols. Id. ibid. Reg. Jud. 30. Committatur gaolae de

[L. Fr. deliveraunce de gaole.'] In criminal law. The delivery or clearing of a gaol of the prisoners confined therein, by trying them; the gaol being considered as delivered by th

Fr. In old English law. A gaol. Envoye a nostre gaole; sent to our gaol. Britt. c. 15. Le pleyntyfe soit mys en la gaole, et illonqspuny par prison et par Jin; the plaintiff shall

The keeper of a gaol. The sheriff is considered as the keeper of the gaol of his county; the actual keeper being, in contemplation of law, only the sheriff's deputy. 3 Steph. Com.

(fee. See De clerico convicto, <fec. CLERICO INFRA SACROS OR-

Lat. A warranty. Spelman. See Garantia.

Garandia, Garantum. L. Lat. [In English law, tvarrantia, toarrantum; Lomb. toarens; Sax. spec, toarenda, warendatio: all from the Sax. weeren, to keep or protect.] In Norman law. A

Lomb. In old Lombardic law. A gift; a free or absolute gift; a gift of the whole of a thing. LL. Longob. lib. 2, tit. 17, 1. 1. Id. tit. 15. 11. 1, 3. Spelman.

Garraunt, Garant. L. Fr. In old English law. A party called upon, or who might be called upon to warrant fmother; a youchee; a party warranting. De garaant vocher; of warrant voucl

Garraunter. L. Fr. To warrant. Garaunter en un sen signyfie a defendre le tenaunt en sa seisine, et en un autre sen signifie que si il ne le defende, que le garaunt luy soil tenu a

Fr. A warrantor; a vouchee. Britt, c. 24. Oaraunte; a warrantee; a person warranted. Id. ibid,

Lat. [L. Fr. ^ar5e.] In old English law. A bundle or sheaf. Blada in garbis; com or grain in sheaves. Beg. Orig. 96. Bract, fol. 209. See Charta de Foresta, c. 7. Garba sagittarum;

In old English statutes. To sort or cull out the good from the bad in spices, drugs, <kc. Uowell. Blount, voce. Garbling, Garbler.

Gard. L. Fr. [Lat. custodia.] Custody; care or keeping; ward. Que ad garde de prisons; who has the keeping of prisons. Stat. Westm. 1, c. 15. La garde de cors; custody of the body.

Gardeyn. L. Fr. [from garde or garder, qq. v.] A guardian. Britt, c. 35, 81. Utt. sect. 48, 116. Gardein is used as an English word m Coke Littleton. Co. Litt. 38 b. A keeper. Brit

Fr. To keep. Sauvemmt gardes; safely kept. Britt. c. 87.

Fr. A guardian. Britt. c. 35. See Gardein. A garden. Britt, c. 53.

Lat. [from Fr. gardein.] In old English law. A guardian, defender or protector. In feudal law, gardio. Spelman. A warden. Gardianus ecclesice; a church-warden. See Defensor. Ckirdi

Lat. In old English law. A garden. Beg. Grig. 1 b, 2.

Fr, A warren; a privileged place for keeping animals. Briit. c. 19. Bestes sauvages pris hors de place defendue et garene; wild animals taken out of a place prohibited and protecte

Fr. [from garner, q. v.] Furniture; clothing; a garment. Obligacion doit estre vestue de v. maneres de garnementz; obligation may be clothed in five kinds of garments. Britt. c. 28

Garnir. L. Fr. To warn, or give notice; to summon; to give time for preparation. Resonablement garni; reasonably warned. Stat. Westm. 1, c. 44. De soy garner de ses respons; to pre

[L. Lat. pensiuncula careeraria] In Enghsh law. Money pud by a prisoner on his entrance into gaol. Forbidden by statute 4 Geo. IV. c. 43, § 12, r. 23. Wharton's Lex. HolthouH. To G

[from L. Fr. garnir, to warn.] A person warned. A party in whose hands money or property is attached by the creditor of another, and who has had warning or garnishment not to pay o

Fr. To warn or summon. Kelham.

[L. Fr. garnisiement, garnement, from garnir, to warn or furnish.] In old English law. A warning; a furnishing. A warning given to one for his appearance, for the better furnishing

In the process of attachment. A warning to a person not to pay money or deliver property to another, but to appear and answer a plaintiff creditor's suit. Cowell. Blount, voc. Garn

Garnestura. L. Lat. [L. Fr. garnesture.] In old English law. A furnishing or providing; garniture; furniture; provision, ammunition and other implements of war. Cowell. Blount. Mat

Garrante. L. Fr. Warrant or authority. Sans especial garrant; without special warrant. Stat, TVestm, 1, c. 24. i Oent lour garrante; shall have their warrant. Artie, sup. Chart, c.

Fr. To warrant. Co. Litt, 365 a. See Garaunter,

Garranty. L. Fr. Warranty. Litt. sect. 146, 697. Stat. Gloc. c. 12.

Fr. A warrantor, or person called upon to warrant. Stat. Gloc. c. 12.

ffarr^nna. L.Lat. In old English law. A warren. Cowell, SpeU man. See Warren,

Garren, Garreyn. L. Fr. A warren; a place for keeping and preserving animals. Britt, c* 33, 42, 53. Kelham. See Garene.

In old English law. A fine or amerciament. Cowell. Written also Gressume and Grossome, but properly Gersuma, (qq. v.) Blount's Nomolex, Advertisement.

In English law. A yard; a little close or homestead in the north of England. Cowell. Blount. A dam or wear in a river, for the catching of fish. Id.

Gasachius. L. Lat. [from Sax. sac, a cause.] In old European law. An adversary in a cause. L. Salic. tit. 52, § 2. Spelman.

Gasindius. L. Lat. [from Fr. case, a house, and Sax. hynde, a servant.] In old European law. A house or domestic servant. Marculf. lib. 2, form. 26. Spelman. A family or household,

Gastaldius, Gastaldio, Guastaldus. L. Lat. & Lomb. [from Sax. gast, a ^uest, and haldian, to keep or take care of.] In old European law. A steward, seneschal, bailiff or major-domo

Fr. Wastel; wastel bread; the finest sort of wheat bread. Britt. c. 30. Kelham.

Fr. To waste. Britt, c. 6. Gaster le boys; to waste the woods. Id. ibid.

Fr. Waste or uncultivated ground. Britt. c. 57.

In English law. A right in land for the use of cattle.* Called in Suffolk, a beast-gate, and in Yorkshire a cattlegate. It is a corporeal interest in land, distinguishable from the

Lat. To enjoy. Nisi^udeat lucidis intervallis; unless he enjoys lucid intervals. Bract, fol. 12.

Lat. In old English law. A ganger or gager. Cowell.

Lat. In old English law. A gauge, or ganging. Be recto gangeto Anglkano; of the true English gauge. Rot Pari 36 Edw. I. Blount.

[from Sax. gafol, gafel, qq. v.] In English law. Custom, tribute; toll; yearly rent; payment or revenue; of which there were anciently several sorts; as gavel-corn, gavel-malt, oat

In English law. Rent reserved in bread, corn or provision; rent payable in kind. CowelL •

Gavelate. [L. Lat. gaveletum, gavilettum; from gavel, rent or custom, and the old word let, to cease or hinder.] In English law. A rent. Co. Litt. 142 a. A process for the recovery

Statute of. The statute of 10 Edw. 11. by which the proceeding by gavelet, or a similar proceeding, was extended to the city of London, and the law on that subject otherwise modifi

Gavelgild. Sax. [from gavel or gafel, rent or income, and geld, payment; L. Lat. gavelgilda.] In old English law. That which yields a rent or annual profit. Si in gavelgilda, id es

Gavelerth. Sax. In old English law. The duty or work of ploughing so much earth or ground, done by the customary tenant for his lord. Cowell. A rent or customary service, paid or p

Tenants who paid a reserved rent, besides some customaiy duties to be done by them. Cowell. See Gavelman.

Gavelkynd. A customary tenure in England, peculiar for the most part to the county of Kent, by which the land of the father is equally divided at his death among all his sons, or t

In old English law. A tenant liable to the payment of gavel or tribute. Somner on wivelkind, 23.

Oavelryp. In old English law. Bedreap or bidreap; the duty of reaping at the bid or command of the lord. Somner, Oavelk. 19, 21. CovfelL

[L. Lat. sexta Hua vectigalis.] In old English law. A certain measure of rent-ale. Cowell, That is, a rent, tribute or gavel, payable in a certain measure (a sextary or sexter) of

In old English law. A rent or tribute paid in work, either by the person of the tenant, called manuopera, or by his carts or carriages, called earr-opera. Blount.

Fr. Plough tackle, or implements of husbandry; wainage. Kelham.

Fr. To till or cultivate. Si tu ^aynes ma terre sauns man conge; if you till my land without my leave. BritU c. 54. To gain. Put gayner ne per perdre; to gain nor to lose. Id, c. 1

Fr. Acquisition. Britt, c. 63. GE, Oie, Gi. L. Fr. I. Kelham. Corrupt forms of Jeo,

Sax. [from boc, a writing.] To convey by writing. 1 Reeves' Hist. Eng. Law, 10. See Boc, Bocland, Landboc.

Sax. [L. Lat. geburecipaJX In Saxon law. Neighborhood or adjoining district. Nominentur ei sex homines de eadem geburscipa in qua ille residens est; there shall be named to him six

Lat. [Sax. gehure.l In old English law. A country neighbour; an inhabitant of the same geburscip, ox village. Cowell, 68

Fr. [from gainer, to plow.] In Norman law. A husbandm&n or cultivator of the soil. Grand Custum, c. 32.

Gild, Sax. [horn geldan, ggldan, to pay; L. Lat. geldum, geldus, gelturn, gilaa; Graecobarb. yi Uov,\ In Saxon and old English law. A payment, («olutio, redditus^ tax or tribute, {

Liable to pay geld; liable to be taxed. Kel Jtam, See GildahU,

Geltum, Geldus, L. Lat. In old English law. Geld, or gild. Spelman, See Geld,

Lat. In old records. A bundle or sheaf of grain. Spelman,

Gemote, or Mote, Sax. [from gemettan, to meet or assemble: L. Lat. gemotum.] In Saxon law. A public meeting or assembly, (conventus publicus;) a court, or judicial tribunal, (mallu

Lat. [Sax. gemote, mote.] In Saxon law. A public meeting, or court. Si quis gemotum, id est placitum, supersedeat ter, &c.; if any one shall absent himself from court three times,