18 U.S.C. § 233
Section 233 · Preemption
Amended 1 time on record
Applied in 4 court decisions — leading case United States v. Culbert (1977)
Most recently applied in In re Chiquita Brands International, Inc. Alien Tort Statute & Shareholder Derivative Litigation (September 2017)
How often courts cite this section
Court decisions citing this, by year.Markers show enactment, consequential amendments, and circuit splits over this section — watch for a citation surge after a change or a disagreement. The dip in the last several years is a data-coverage gap, not a real trend — our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so recent citations are undercounted.
Nothing contained in this chapter shall be construed as indicating an intent on the part of Congress to occupy the field in which any provisions of the chapter operate to the exclusion of State or local laws on the same subject matter, nor shall any provision of this chapter be construed to invalidate any provision of State law unless such provision is inconsistent with any of the purposes of this chapter or any provision thereof.