18 U.S.C. § 2723
Section 2723 · Penalties
This is § 300002 of the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994
Amended 1 time on record
Applied in 31 court decisions — leading case 133 S. Ct. 2191 - Maracich v. Spears (2013)
Most recently applied in Pamela Smith, individually and on behalf of all others similarly situated v. P Home Depot U.S.A., Inc. (December 2023)
How often courts cite this section
Court decisions citing this, by year.Markers show enactment, consequential amendments, and circuit splits over this section — watch for a citation surge after a change or a disagreement. The dip in the last several years is a data-coverage gap, not a real trend — our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so recent citations are undercounted.
(a) Criminal Fine.—A person who knowingly violates this chapter shall be fined under this title.
(b) Violations by State Department of Motor Vehicles.—Any State department of motor vehicles that has a policy or practice of substantial noncompliance with this chapter shall be subject to a civil penalty imposed by the Attorney General of not more than $5,000 a day for each day of substantial noncompliance.