21 U.S.C. § 847
Section 847 · Additional penalties
This is § 407 of the Controlled Substances Act
Amended 1 time on record
Applied in 5 court decisions — leading case United States v. Crook (1993)
Most recently applied in United States v. Michael (May 2017)
How often courts cite this section
Court decisions citing this, by year.Markers show enactment, consequential amendments, and circuit splits over this section — watch for a citation surge after a change or a disagreement. The dip in the last several years is a data-coverage gap, not a real trend — our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so recent citations are undercounted.
Any penalty imposed for violation of this subchapter shall be in addition to, and not in lieu of, any civil or administrative penalty or sanction authorized by law.