A Dictionary of Law

The superior courts, both of law and equity, were for centuries fixed at Westminster, an ancient palace of the monarchs of Evgland. Formerly, all the superior courts were held befo

A building or room of considerable size, used as a place for the meeting of public assemblies, conventions, courts, ete. In English law. A name given to many manor-houses because t

In old Englishlaw. Afee or toll due for goods or merchandise vended inahall. Jacob. A toli due to the lord of a fair or market, for such commodities as were vended in the common ha

Hall assembly. A species of court-baron.

In medical jurisprudence. <A species of mania; the percepternal cause, arising from disorder of the hervous system; delusion, Webster,

See HALLE-GuMOTE.

That which was formerto the court of delegates, either in ecclesiastical or marine causes.

A holy or ecclesiastical court. A court held in London before the lord msyor and sheriffs, for regulating the bakers, It was anciently held on Sanday next before St. Thomas’ day, a

Sax. In old English law. Tenants who held land by the service of repairing or defending a church or monument, whereby they were exempted from feudal and military services.

In old English law. A hook; an engine with which a house on fre is pulled down. Yel. 60. A piece of land,

Inforestlaw. The hoxing or hock-sinewing of dogs; an old mode of laming or disabling dogs. ‘Termes de la Ley.

In Scotch law. The violent entering into a man’s house without license or against the peace, and the seeking and assaulling him there. Skene de Verb. Sign.; 2 Forb. Inst. 139. The

(Sax. From fem, a house.) In Saxon law. An assault made in a house; a breach of the peace in a private house.

A small village; a part or member of a vill. It is the diminutive of “ham,” a village. Cowell.

A close joining toa house; a croft; a little meadow. Cowell

Metuaphorically, a forced sale or sale at public auction. “To bring to the hammer,” to put up for sale at auction. “Sold under the hammer,” sold by an ofticer ot the law or by an a

In the civil law. A vacant inheritance. So long as no one had acquired the inheritance, if was termed “Aereditas jacens;” and this, by a legal fiction, represented the person of th

Theright of security and privacy in a man’s house. Du Cange. The breach of this privilege by a foreible entry of a house is breach of the peace. Du Cange.

A hamper or basket in which were kept the writs of the court of chaneery relating to the business of a subwrits, etc., were there kept. Spelman; Du Cange.

An office belonging to the common-law jurisdiction of the court of chancery, so called becanse all writs relating to the business of a subject, and their returns, were formerly kep

A measure of length equal to four inches, used in measuring the height of horses, A person's signature. In old English law. An oath.

A wrilten or printed notice displayed to inform those concerned of something to be done.

In Saxonlaw. A hand pledge; a name given to the nine pledges in a decennary or friborg; the tenth or chief, being called “headborow.” (q. v.) So called as being an inferior pledge

An appellate court is said to “hand down” its decision in a case, when the opinion is prepared and Sled for transmission to the court below.

Betrothment.

Peace or protection given by the king with his own hand.

In Saxon law. One having a thing in his hand; that is, a thief found having the stolen goods in his possession. Jurisdiction to try such thief.

Money paid in hand to bind a bargain; earnest money.

Anciently, among all the northern nations, shaking of hands was held necessary to bind a bargain,—a custom still retained in verbal contracts. A sale thus made was called “handsale

MHandsale, or earnest money.

The chirography of a person; the cast or form of writing peculjar to a person, including the size, shape, and style of letters, tricks of penmanship, and whatever gives individuali

Inold practice. To remain undetermined. “It has kuzg long enough; it is time it were made an end of.” Holt, C. J., 1 Show. 77. Thus, the present participle means pending; during th

In criminallaw. Suspension by the neck; the modeof capital punishment used in England from time immemorial, and generally adopted in the United States. 4 Bl. Comm. 403,

Inatrocious cases it was at one time usual, in England, for the court to direct a murderer, after exe cution, to be hanged upon a gibbet in chains near the place where the murder w

An executioner. One who executes condemned criminals by hanging,

In Saxon law. A fine for illegal hanging of a thief, or for allowing him to escape. Immunity from such fine, Du Cange.

Pertaining to.a hanse or commercial alliance; but, generally, the union of the Hanse towns is the one referred to, as in the expression the “Ilanséatic League.”

LAWS OF THE. The maritime ordinances of the Hanseatic towns, first published in German at Lubeck, in 1597, and in May, 1614, revised and enlarged.

The collective name of certain German cities, including Lubeck, Hamburg, and Bremen, which formed ap alliance for the mutual protection and furtherance of their commerci] interests

The chief of a company; the head man of a corporation.

In old European law. An arrest, or attachment. Spelman.

Tocatch. Thus, “hap the rent,” “hap the deed-poll,” were formerly used.

The constitutional right of men to pursue their “happiness” means the right to pursue any lawful business or vocation, in any manner not inconsistent with the equal rights of other

In old statutes. <A hand-gun, about three-quarters of a yard long.

In old English law. A race of horses and mares kept for breed; a stud. Spelman,

In England, an officer of the royal household.

ov. To receive clandestinely and without lawful authority a person for the purpose of so concealing him that another having a right to the lawful custody of such person shall be il

n. A haven, or aspace of deep water so sheltered by the adjacent land as to ufford a safe anchorage for ships. “Port” is a word of larger import than “harbor, ” since it implies th

In England aw harbor authority is a body of persons, corporate or unincorporate, being proprietors of, or intrusted with the duty of constructing, improving, managing, or lighting,

Inold Scotch law. Lions; coins formerly of the value of three half-pence. 1 Pite. Crim. Tr, pt. 1, p. 64, note.

The severity with whicha proposed construction of the law would bear upon a particular case, founding, sometimes, an argument against such construction, which is otherwise termed t

Lat. In old English law. A seeker of an inheritance; hence, the next heir to lands. Heredipetae suo propinquo vel extraneo periculoso sane custodi nullus committatur. To the next h

A fiduciary heir, or heir in trust; a person constituted heir by will, in trust for the benefit of another, called the “/fideicommissarius.” Heeres heeredis mei est meus heres. The

A lawful heir; one pointed out as such by the marriage of his parents. Heres legitimus est quem nuptie demonstrant. He isa lawful heir whom marriage points out as such; who is born

In the civil law. An heir born; one born heir, as distinguished from one made heir, (heres factus, q. v.;) an heir at law, or by intestacy, (@b intestato;) the next of kin by bloud

Inold English law. Ariglhtheir. Fleta, lib. 6, c. 1, § 11.

In old English law. To give aright of inheritance, or make the donation hereditary to the grantee and his heirs. Cowell.

Inold Europeanlaw. The defensive armor of a man; harness. Spelman,

All warlike instruments; also the tackle or furniture of a ship.

The old form of “heriot,” (q. 0.) Williams, Seis. 203,

A siag or male deer of the forest five years old complete,

In old English law. The hasp of a door; by which livery of seisin might anciently be made, where there was a house on the pretiises.

In old Scotch law. The form of entering an heirin a sub. ject situated within a royal borough. It consisted of the heir’s taking hold of the hasp and staple of the door, (which was

Lat. Im the civil law. Heirs. The plural of heres, (q. v.)

In Roman law. The hereditas was a universal succession by law to any deceased person, whether such person bad died testate or intestate, and whether in trust (ex fideicommisso) for

Lat. Aspear. Inthe Roman law, a spear wis the sign of a public sale of goods or sale by auetion. Hence the phrase “hasta subjicere” (to put under the spear) meant to put up at auct

In Spanish law. The finding and taking possession of something which previously had no owner, and which thus becomes tle property of the first occupant. Las Partidas, 3, 5, 28; 5,

In maritime law. Primare; asmall duty paid to the captain and mariners of a ship.

Fr. A high lord; a great baron. Spelman.

The use of this word, instead of the stututory word “carry,” in an incictment charging that the defendant “did feloniously steal, take, and Agul away” ceriain personalty, will not

In old English law. Hatred. ) Leg. Wm. I. e. 16; Blount.

Lat. In the civil law. A species of servitude, consisting in the right to draw water from another’s well or spring, in which the tter, (right of way to the well or spring) so far a

L Fr. Highway. Yearb. M. 4 Hen. VI. 4.

Fr. High street; highway. Yearb. P. 11 Hen. VI. 2.

A man armed with a coat of mail. Jacob.

Lat. A form of the salutatory expression “Ave,” used in the titles of some of the constitutions of the Theodosian and Justinianean codes. See Cod. 7, 62, 9; fa. 9, 2, 12.

To possess corporally. “No one, at common law, was said to keve or to be in possession of land, unless it were conyeyed to him by the livery of seisin, which gave him the corporal

Acommon phrase in conveyancing, derived from the khabendum et tenendum of the old common law. See Hase NpDUM ET TENENDUM.

A place of a large receipt and safe riding of ships, so situate and secured by the land cireuimjacent that the vessels thereby ride and anchor safely, and are protected by the adja

<Asmiull parcel of land so called In Kent; houses. Co. Litt. 3.

He who held land in France, by finding a coat or shirt of mail, with which he waa to be ready when called ipon. Wharton,

A trader who goes from place to place, or along the streets of a town, selling the goods which he carries with him. It is perhaps not essential to the idea, but is generally unders

The business of one who sells or offers goods for sale on the streets, by outcry, or by attracting the attention of persons by exposing his goods in a public place, or by placards,

An alliance or confederation among merchants or cities, for the good ordering and protection of the commerce of its members. Animposition upon merchandise. Du Cange.

Another name for “hedgebote,” being one of the estovers allowed toa tenant for life or years, namely, material for repairing the necessary hedges or fences of his grounds. 213]. Co

In old English law. An officer appointed in the lord’s court to keepa common herd of catile of a town; so called because tie was to see that they did not break or injure the hedges

An unlawful game at dice, and those who play at it are called “hazardors.” Jacob.

Exposed to or involving danger; perilous; risky. The terms "hazardous," "extra-hazardous," "specially hazardous," and "not hazardous" are well-understood technical terms in the bus

In ecclesiastical law. An officer in cathedral churches who supervised the regular performance of divine service, and preseribed the particular duties of each person in the choir.

That you cause to ba demanded. The emphatic words of the Lat in form of the writ of exigent. They are sumetimes used as the name of that writ.

Chief; leading; principal; the health oflicers are regulated by local laws. upper part or principal source of a atream.

In Saxenlaw. Ths The word “hearing” has an established meaning head or chief officer of a borough; chief of a3 applicable to equity cases. It means the same the frankpledge tithing

Certain tribunals in the cause, and which are termed “interlocutory.” Scotland, abolished by 20 Geo. Il.c. 50. Ersk. 24 Wis. 171, 1, 4, 5. In criminal iaw. The examination of a

A syllabus toa reported lates, not what he knows personally, but what ease; a summary of the points decided in the others have told him, or what he has heard case, which is placed

This term ailment, or any state of the system peculiarly meuns the source of the longest branch, un- susceptible or liable to disease or bodily ailless gencral reputation has given

A term used HEARING. In equity practice. The in homestead and exemption laws to designate hearing of the arguments of the eounse! for & person who maintains a family; a house- the

In Saxon law. A dence; it is the repetition at second-hand of eourt-baron; an ecclesiastical court, what would be original evidence if given by the person who originally made tiie

In Saxon law. A sort ment. of pillory, by which the head of the culprib

The officer enforces the right of the wife’s equity to a charged with the exeeution and enforcement settlement, Snell, fg. (5th Hd.) 374. of health laws. The powers and duties of

Free from disease or bodily