Black's Law Dictionary

United they aid. A portion of the maxim, "Quæ non valeant sin-, gula juncta juvant," (q. v.,) frequently cited. 3 Man. & G. 99.

In old English c law. To join the duellum; to engage in the combat Fleta, lib. 1, c. 21, § 10.

Younger. This has bsen held to be no part of a man's name, but an addition by use, and a convenient distinction be' tween a father and son of the same name, Co.bb v. Lucas, 15 Pick

A barrister under the rank of queen's counsel. Also the junior of two counsel employed on the same side in a case. Mozley & Whitley.

The younger of the counsel employed on the same side of a case, or the one lower in standing or rank, or who is intrusted with the less important parts of the preparation or trini

One whose claim or demand accrued at a date Later than that of a claim or demand held by another creditor, who is called correlatively the "senior" creditor.

One which was issued after the issuance of another execution, on a different judgment, against the same defendant.

One which was rendered or entered after the rendition or entry of another judgment, on a different claim, against the same defendant.

A custom prevalent in some parts of England (also at some places on the continent) by which an estate descended to the youngest son in preference to his older brothers; the same as

One which is issued, or comes to the officer's hands, at a later time than a similar writ, at the suit of another party, or on a different claim, against the same defendant.

In medical jurisprudence. This plant is commonly called "savin."

A shop where old cordage and ships' tackle, old iron, rags, bottles; paper, etc., are kept and sold. A place where odds and ends are purchased and sold. Charleston City Council v.

A select council for inking cognizance of affairs of great consequence requiring secrecy; a cabal or faction. This was a popular nickname applied to the Whig ministry in England, b

Lat. Plural of "jus." Rights; laws. 1 Bl. Comm. 123. See Jus. —Jura fiscalia. In English law. Fiscal rights; rights of the exchequer. 3 Bl. Comm. 45. —Jura in re. In the civil law,

Ecclesiastical laws are limited within separate bounds. 3 Bulst. 53.

Laws are abrogated by the same means [authority] by which they are made. Broom, Max. 878.

In English law. Fiscal rights; rights of the exchequer. 3 Bl. Comm. 45.

In the civil law, Rights in a thing; rights which, being separated from the dominium, or right of property, exist independently of it, and are enjoyed by some other person than him

1. Pertaining to natural or positive right or to the doctrines of rights and obligations; as "jural relations." 2. Of or pertaining to jurisprudence; juristic; juridical. 3. Recogn

Rights of sovereignty or majesty; a term used la the civil law to designate certain rights which belong to each and every sovereignty and which are deemed essential to its existenc

In the civil law. An assessment oath; an oath, taken by the plaintiff in an action, that the extent of the damages he has suffered, estimated in money, amounts to a certain sum, wh

In the civil law. An oath which the judge, of his own accord, defers to either of the parties. It is of two kinds; First, that which the judge defers for the decision of the cause,

In Roman law. A compulsory oath A disclosure under oath, which the prætor compelled one of the parties to a suit to make, when the other, applying for such an appeal, agreed to abi

In Roman law. A voluntary oath. A species of appeal to conscience, by which one of the parties to a suit, instead of proving his case, offered to abide by what his adversary should

Lat. In the civil law. An oath. —Juramentum calnmniæ. In the civil and canon law. The oath of calumny. An oath imposed upon both parties to a suit, as a preliminary to its trial, t

In the civil and canon law. The oath of calumny. An oath imposed upon both parties to a suit, as a preliminary to its trial, to the effect that they are not influenced by malice or

A corporal oath. See Oath.

An oath is indivisible; it is not to be held partly true and partly false. 4 Inst 274.

In old English law. Rights of mixed dominion. The king's right or power of jurisdiction was so termed. Hale, Anal. § 6.

The laws of nature are unchangeable. Branch, Princ.

Rights of persons; the rights of persons. Rights which concern and are annexed to the persons of men. 1 Bl. Comm. 122.

In the civil law. The rights of estates. Dig. 50, 16, 86.

Public rights are to be preferred to private. Co. Litt. 130a. Applied to protections.

Public rights ought not to be decided promiscuously with private. Co. Litt 130a, 181b.

Lab To swear; to take an oath.

3 Inst. 165. To swear is to call God to witness, and is an act of religion.

In English law. Royal rights or privileges. 1 Bl. Comm, li7, 119; 3 Bl. Comm. 44.

In English law. Royal rights; the prerogatives of the crown. Crabb, Com. Law, 174.

The special rights of the king are not granted by general words. Jenk. Cant. p. 103.

Rights of things; the rights of things; rights which a man may acquire over external objects or things unconnected with his person. 1 Bl. Comm. 122; 2 Bl. Comm. 1.

The right of blood and kindred cannot be destroyed by any civll law. Dig. 50, 17, 9; Bac. Max. reg. 11; Broom, Max. 533; Jackson v. Phillips, 14 Allen (Mass.) 562.

Rights of supreme dominion ; rights of sovereignty. 1 Bl. Comm. 49; 1 Kent, Comm. 2ll.

The clause written at the foot of an affidavit, stating when, where, and before whom such affidavit was sworn. See U. S. v. McDermott, 140 U. S. 151, 11 Sup. Ct. 746, 35 L. Eld. 39

In old English law. A jury of twelve men sworn. Especially, a jury of the common law, as distinguished from the assisa. The jury clause in a nisi piius record, so called from the e

The act of swearing; the administration of an oath.

He who makes oath is to be believed in judgment. 3 Inst 79.

A juror; a compurgator, (q. vt)

Jurors ought to be neighbors, of sufficient estate, and free from suspicion. Jenk. Cont. 141.

Jenk. Cent 61. Juries are the judges of fact

In Scotch law. A description of caution (security) sometimes offered in a suspension or advocation where the complainer is not in circumstances to offer any better. Bell.

In English law. Officers in the nature of aldermen, sworn for the government of many corporations. The twelve assistants of the baillff in jersey are called "jurats?'

Lab By right; in right; by the law. —Jure belli. By the right or law of war. 1 Kent, Comm. 126; 1 C. Rob. Adm. 289. —Jure civili. By the civil law. Inst. 1, 3, 4; 1 Bl. Comm. 423.

By the right or law of war. 1 Kent, Comm. 126; 1 C. Rob. Adm. 289.

By the civil law. Inst. 1, 3, 4; 1 Bl. Comm. 423.

In right of the crown.

By divine right 1 Bl. Comm. 191.

By the right or law of emphyteusis. 3 Bl. Comm. 232. See Emphyteusis.

By the law of nations. Inst. 1, 3, 4; 1 Bi. Comm. 423.

By right of propinquity or nearness. 2 Crabb, Real Prop. p. 1019, § 2398.

By right of representation ; in the right of another person. 2 Bi. Comm. 224, 517; 2 Crabb, Real Prop. p. 1019, § 2398.

In right of a wife. 3 Bl. Comm. 210. Jure naturae œquum est neminem cum alterins detrimento et injnria fleri locupletiorem. By the law of nature it is not just that any one should

Relating to administration of Justice or office of a judge. Regular; done in conformity to the laws of the country and the practice which is there observed. —Juridical days. Days i

A day proper for the transaction of business in court; one on which the court may lawfully sit, excluding Sundays and some holidays.

Days in court on which the laws are administered.

Such as is proper to be adduced before, and considered by, the courts of justice. See Mead v. Husted, 52 Conn. 53, 52 Am. Rep. 554.

Lat. Relating to the courts or to the administration of justice; juridical ; lawful. Dies juridicus, a lawful day for the transaction of business in court; a day on which the court

It is not consonant to justice that any accessary should be convicted in the king's court before any one has been attainted of the fact. 2 Inst 183.

Lat. Of right; of law. —Juris et de jure. Of law and of right. A presumption juris et de jure, or an irrebuttable presumption, is one which the law will not suffer to be rebutted b

The effect of the law consists in the execution. Ch Litt. 289b.

A jurist; a person skilled in the science of law, particularly of international or public law.

Lat In Roman Jaw. An expert in juridical science; a person thoroughly versed in the laws, who was habitualiy resorted to, for information and advice, both by private persons as his

The power and authority constitutionally conferred upon (or constitutionally recognized as existing in) a court or Judge to pronounce the sentence of the law or to award the remedi

Pertaining or relating to jurisdiction; cohferring jurisdiction ; showing or disclosing jurisdiction; defining or limiting jurisdiction; essential to jurisdiction. —Jurisdictional

Those matters of fact which must exist before the court can properly take jurisdiction of the particular case, as, that the defendant has been properly served with process, that th

Jurisdiction is a power introduced for the public good, on account of the necessity of dispensing justice. 10 Coke, 73a.

Of law and of right. A presumption juris et de jure, or an irrebuttable presumption, is one which the law will not suffer to be rebutted by any counter-evidence, but establishes as

The union of seism or possession and the right of possession, forming a complete title. 2 Bi. Comm. 199, 311.

It is ignorance of the law when we do not know our own rights. Haven v. Foster, 9 Pick. (Mass.) 130, 19 Am. Dec. 353.

Lat. A student of the civil law.

Lat. Skilled or learned in the law.

Of positive law; a regulation or requirement of positive law, as distinguished from nafural or divine law. 1 Bl. Comm. 439 ; 2 Steph. Comm. 286.

These are the precepts of the law: To live honorably; to hurt nobody; to render to every one his due. Inst 1, 1, 3; 1 Bl. Comm. 40.

Of private right; subjects of private property. Hale, Anal. § 23.

The philosophy of law or the science which treats of the principles of positive law and legal relations. "The term is wrongly applied to actuni systems of law, or to current views

Lat In the civil and common law. Jurisprudence or legal science. Jurisprudentia est divinarum atque humanarum rerum notitia, jnsti atque injusti scientia. Jurisprudence is the know

Of common right; of common or public use; such things as, at least in their own use, are common to all the king's subjects ; as common highways, common bridges, common rivers, and

One who is versed or skilied in law; answering to the Latin "jurisperitus," (q. v.) One who is skilied in the civll law, or law of nations. The term is now usually applied to those

Pertaining or belonging to or characteristic of, jurisprudence or a jurist or the legal profession. —Juristic act. One designed to have a legal effect, and capable thereof.

One designed to have a legal effect, and capable thereof.

In English law. An abolished writ which lay for the parson of a church whose predecessor had alienated the lands and tenements thereof. Fitzh. Nat. Brev. 48.

In old English law. A journey; a day's traveling. Coweli.

In Spanish law. A certain perpetual pension, granted by the king on the public revenues, and more especially on the salt-works, by favor, either in consideration of meritorious ser

One member of a jury. Sometimes, one who takes an oath; as in the term "non-juror," a person who refuses certain oaths.

A list of persons qualified to serve on juries.

In practice. A certain number of men, selected according to law, and sworn (jurati) to inquire of certain matters of fact, and declare the truth upon evidence to be laid before the

The place in court (strictly an inclosed place) where the jury sit during the trial of a cause. 1 Archb. Pr. K. B. 208; 1 Burrill, Pr. 455.

An officer charged with the duty of selecting the names to be put into the jury wheel, or of drawing the panel of jurors for a particular term of court

A paper containing the names of jurors impaneled to try a cause, or it contains the names of all the jurors summoned to attend court.

A juror: one who is impaneled on a jury.

Such a jury is impaneled to try if a woman condemned to death be with chlld.