Black's Law Dictionary

Formerly a copyhold interest would not pass by will unless it had been surrendered to the use of the will. By St. 55 Geo. III. c. 192, this is no longer necessary. 1 Steph. Comm. 6

Stealthily or fraudulently done, token away or introduced.

In English law. One that is substituted or appointed in the room of another, as by a bishop, chancellor, judge, etc.; especially an officer appointed to dispense licenses to marry

In the United States. A state tribunal, with similar jurisdiction to the court of ordinary, court of probate, etc., relating to matters of probate, etc. 2 Kent, Comm. 409, note 6.

L. Fr. In old English law. Neglect; omission; default; cessation.

Lat. In old conveyancing. To render up; to surrender.

Lab A surrender.

The process by which a parcel of land is measured and its contents ascertained ; also a statement of the result of such survey, with the courses and distances and the quantity of t

A public document, looked to both by underwriters and owners, as affording the means of ascertaining, at the time ana place, the state and condition of the ship and other property

One who makes surveys of land; one who has the overseeing or care of another person's land or works. —Surveyor of highways. In English law. A person elected by the inhabitants of a

In English law. A person elected by the inhabitants of a parish, in vestry assembled, to survey the highways therein. He must possess certain qualifications in point of property ;

A revenue officer of the United States appointed for each of the principal ports of entry, whose duties chiefly concern the importations at his station and the determination of the

The partner who, on the dissolution of the firm by the death of his copartner, occupies the position of a trustee to settle up its affairs.

One who survives another; one who outlives another; one of two or more persons who lives after the death of the other or others.

The llving of one of two or more persons after the dcath of the other or others. Survivorship is where a person becomes entitled to property by reason of his having survived anothe

To interrupt; to cause to cease for a time; to stay, delay or hinder; to discontinue temporarily, but with an expectation or purpose of resumption. To forbid a public officer, atto

In Scotch law. He In whose favor a suspension is made.

When a rent, profit d prendre, and the like, are, in consequence of the unity of possession of the rent, etc., of the land out of which they issue, not in esse for a time, they are

A temporary stop of a right, of a law, and the like. Thus, we speak of a suspension of the writ of habeas corpus, of a statute, of the power of alienating an estate, of a person in

This term may mean either a withholding or postponing the sentencing of a prisoner after the conviction, or a postponing of the execution of the sentence after it has been pronounc

See CONDITION.

An abbreviation of "suspendatur per collum," let him be hanged by the neck. Words formerly used in England in signing judgment against a prisoner who was to be executed; being writ

The act of suspecting or the state of being suspected; imagination, generally of something ijl; distrust; mistrust; doubt McCalla v. State, 66 Ga. 34&

In the criminal laws of some of the states, a person who is known or strongly suspected to be an habitual criminal, or against whom there is reasonable cause to believe that he has

The south door of a church, where canonical purgation was performed, and plaints, etc., were heard and determined. Wharton.

Lat. Of his own right; possessing full social and civil rights; not under any legal disability or the power of another or guardianship. Having capacity to manage one's own affairs;

A person who, as a business, follows an army and sells provisions and liquor to the troops.

Lat To render to every one his own. One of the three fundamental maxims of the law laid down by Justinian.

Lat In the civil law. Those descendants who were under the power of the deceased at the time of his death, and who are most nearly related to him. Calvin.

Lat In old English law. A proper judge; a judge having coguizance of a cause. Literally, one's own judge. Bract, fol. 401.

L. Fr. In French and feudal law. The immediate vassal of the king; a crown vassal.

An abbreviation for "sub voce," under the word; used in references to dictionaries, and other works arranged alphabetically.

Lat. In the law of divorce. Cruelty; Anything which tends to bodily harm, and in that manner renders cohabitation unsafe, 1 Hagg. Const. 458.

See Swein; SWEINMOTE.

Lands unfit for cultivation by_ reason of their swampy character and requiring drainage or reclamation to render them available for beneficial use. Such lands, when constituting a

See Land.

Warth-money; or guard-money paid in lieu of the service of castle-ward. Cowell.

1. To put on oath ; to administer an oath to a person. 2. To take an oath; to become bound by an oath duly administered. 3. To use profane language. Swearing, in this sense, is mad

Showing to a magistrate that one has just cause to be afraid of another in consequence of his menaces, in order to have him bound over to keep the peace.

Comprehensive; including In its scope many persons or objects; as a sweeping objection.

In old English law. A freeman or freeholder within the forest.

In forest law. A court holden before the verderors, as judges, by the steward of the sweinmote, thrice in every year, the sweins or freeholders within the forest composing the jury

To enlarge or increase. In an action of tort, circumstances of aggravation may "swell" the damages.

A term colloquially applied to a witness who is unduly zcalous or partial for the side which calls him, and who betrays his bias by his extreme readiness to answer questions or vol

Cheating and defrauding grossly with deliberate artifice. Wyatt v. Ayres, 2 Port. (Ala.) 157; Forrest v. Hanson, 9 Fed. Cas. 456; Thorpe v. State, 40 Tex. Cr. R. 346, 50 S. W. 383;

So much land as one's plow can till in a year; a hide of land. Cowell.

In old English law. Persons who, by mutual oaths, covenant to share In each other's fortunes.

Certain officers in the English court of chancery, whose duties were to keep the records, make copies of pleadings, etc. Their offices were abolished by St. 5 & 6 Vlct c. 103.

A Saxon form of greeting, meaning peace and safety.

A head-note; a note prefixed to the report of an adjudged case, containing an epitome or brief statement of the rulings of the court upon the point or points decided in the case. S

In login. The full logical form of a single argument. It consists of three propositions, (two premises and the conclusion,) and these contain three terms, of which the two occurrin

Lat In ecclesiastical law. Wood of any kind which was kept on purpose to be cut, and which, being cht, grew again from the stump or root. Lynd. Prov. 190; 4 Reeve, Eng. Law, 90.

The constructive delivery of the subject-matter of a sale, where it is cumbersome or inaccessible, by the actual delivery of seme article which is conventionally accepted as the sy

The art or cunning rightly to form and make written instruments. It ls either judicial or extrajudicial; the latter being wholly occupied with such instruments as concern matters n

Lat A mortuary or soul-scot.

Formerly an inn of chancery.

In the civil law. A bilateral or reciprocal contract, in which the parties expressly enter into mutual engagements, each binding himself to the other. Poth. Obi. no. 9.

To cut short or pronounce things se as not to be understood. Cowell.

In the civil law. An advocate or patron; a burgess or recorder; an agent or attorney who acts for a corporation or university; an actor or prochrator; an assignee. Wharton. See Min

A university committee. A combination of persons or firms united for the purpose of enterprises too large for individuals to undertake; or a group of financiers who buy up the shar

One chosen by a college, municipality, etc., to defend its cause. Calvin.

The name given by the canonists to deeds of which both parts were written on the same piece of parchment, with some word or letters of the alphabet written between them, through wh

A meeting or assembly of ecclesiastical persons concerning religion; being the same thing, in Greek, as convocation in Latin. There are four kinds: (1) A general or universal synod

A tribute or payment in money paid to the bishop or archdeacon by the inferior clergy, at the Easter visitation.

L. Lat. Syn-ods-men (corrupted into sidesmen) were the urban and rural deans, now the church-wardens.

In medical jurisprudence. A loathseme venereal disease (vulgarly called "the pox") of pechliar virulence, infectious by direct contact, capable of hereditary transmission, and the

paresis or progressive imbecility resulting from the infection of syphilis. It is sometimes calied fas being a sequence or result of that disease) "metasyphilis" or "parasyphilis."

As an abbreviation, this letter usually stands for either "Territory," "Trinity," "term," "tempore," (in the time of,) or "title." Every person who was convicted of felony, short o

A short gown; a herald's coat; a surcoat.

One who wears a tabard or short gown; the name is still used as the title of certain bachelors of arts on the old foundation of Queen's College, Oxford. Bine. Lond.

Lat In Roman law. A tablet. Used in voting, and in giving the verdict of juries; and, when written upon, commonly translated "ballot" The laws which introduced and regulated the mo

Lat. In Roman law. An officer corresponding in some respects to a notary. His business was to draw legal' instruments, (contracts, wills, etc.,) and witness their execution. Calvin

In old records. A public inn or house of entertainment. Cowell.

Lat In the civil law. A shop-keeper. Dig. 14, 3, 5, 7. In old English law. A taverner or tavern-keeper. Fleta, lib, 2, c. 12, § 17.

In medical jurisprudence. This is another name for locomotor ataxia. Tabetic dementia is a form of mental derangement or insanity complicated with tabes dorsalis, which generally p

A synopsis or condensed statement, bringing together numerous items or details so as to be comprehended In a single view; as genealogical tables, exhibiting the names and relations

In Louisiana. A list of creditors of an insolvent estate, stating what each is entitled to. Taylor v. Hollander, 4 Mart. N. S. (Lat) 535.

Fr. In old French law. Table of Marble; a principal seat of the admiralty, so called. These Tables de Marbre are frequently mentioned in the Ordonnance of the Marine. Burrill

An alphabetical list of the adjudged cases cited, referred to, or digested in a legal text-book, volume of reports, or digest, with references to the sections, pages, or paragraphs

In English law. Payments which used to be made to bishops, etc., reserved and appropriated to their table or housekeeping. Wharton.

Lat. In Roman law. Tables. Writings of any kind used as evidences of a transaction. Brissonius. —Tabulae nnptiales. In the civil law. A written record of a marriage; or the agreeme

Lat. In the civll law. A table or tablet; a thin sheet of wood, which, when covered with wax, was used for writing.

In the civil law. A written record of a marriage; or the agreement as to the dos.

Lat A plank in a shipwreck. This phrase is used metaphorically to designate the power subsisting in a third mortgagee, who took without notice of the second mortgage, to acquire th

Lat A notary or tabellio. Calvin.

In old records. Free from the common duty or imposition of tac. Cowell.

Silent; not expressed; implied or inferred; manifested by the refraining from contradiction or objection; interred from the situation and circumstances, in the absence of express m

In the civil law, a tacit acceptance of an inheritance takes place when some act is done by the heir which necessarily supposes his intention to accept and which he would have no r

Lat Silently; impliedly; tacitly.

In the civil law, a species of lien or mortgage which is created by operation f law without any express agreement of the parties. Mackeld. Rom. Law, § 343. In admiralty law, this t

A law which derives its authority from the common consent of the people without any legislative enactment. 1 Bouv. Inst. no. 120.

In the law of Louisiana. The law alone in certain cases gives to the creditor a mortgage on the property of his debtor, without it being requisite that the parties should stipulate

In Scotch law. The tacit or implied renewal of a lease, interred when the landlord, instead of warning a tenant to remove at the stipulated expiration of the lease, has allowed him

In Scotch law. An implied tack or lease; inferred from a tacksman's possessing peaceably after his tack is expired. 1 Forb. Inst, pt 2. p. 153.

In Scotch law, this significa laches in not prosecuting a legal claim or in acquiescing in an adverse one. Mozley A Whitley.

n. In Scotch law. A term corresponding to the English "lease," and denoting the same species of contract. —'Tack duty. Rent reserved upon a lease. v. To annex some junior lien to a

The uniting securities given at different times, so as to prevent any intermediate purchaser from claiming a title to redeem or otherwise diseharge one lien, which is prior, withou

In Scotch law. A tenant or lessee; one to whom a tack is granted. 1 Forb. Inst, pt 2, p. 153.

In old records. A kind of customary payment by a tenant Cowell. —Tac free. In old records. Free from the common duty or imposition of tac. Cowell.

Lat. In old English law. Touching the holy evangelists. Fleta, lib. 3, c. 16, § 21. "A bishop may swear visis evangeliis, [looking at the Gospels,] and not tactis, and it is good e