Law Dictionary

In English law. A court which had jurisdiction of causes to which the domestic servants were parties. It was held by the steward of the king's household, as judge, and the marshal

A court for the trial of peers for felonies and other certain high crimes.

A court for the trial of indictments of Oxford and and Cambridge scholars and officers.

An English court having jurisdiction of cases involving royal servants.

A court presided over by an English bishop.

See Court of the Steward and the Marshal.

A court for the trial of cases arising within twelve miles of the king’s actual residence.

An English court which tried certain crimes committed near the king’s residence.

In English law. A court which had jurisdiction of all cases of treason, misprision of treason, murder, manslaughter, bloodshed, and other malicious strikings whereby blood is shed,

any court of the United States whose jurisdiction has been or may be conferred or defined or limited by Act of Congress, including the courts of the District of Columbia.

A court of the Archbishop of Canterbury, in which the bishops of the province are confirmed. 1 Holdsw. Hist. E. L. H12.

In English law. A court of record in England, which had the supervision and regulation of inquiries concerning the profits which arose to the crown from the fruits of tenure, and t

The term “court order” means a final decree of divorce, dissolution, annulment, or legal separation issued by a court, or a court ordered, ratified, or approved property settlement

the term "court-ordered assisted outpatient treatment" means a program through which a court may order a treatment plan for an eligible patient that— (A) requires such pa

The term “court ordered environmental impact statement” means any environmental statements which are required to be prepared by the Secretary of the Interior pursuant to the final

Where a court of competent jurisdiction has, by appropriate proceedings, taken property into its possession through its officers, the property is thereby withdrawn from the jurisdi

Written rules are unquestionably to be preferred, because their commencement, and their action, and their meaning, are most conveniently determined; but what want of certainty can

It is not essential, that any court, in establishing or changing its practice should do so by the adoption of written rules. Its practice may be established by a uniform mode of pr

The term “court proceeding” means any civil action brought in a court of the United States (including the Tax Court and the United States Court of Federal Claims).

The terms "court-based personnel" and "court-related personnel" mean individuals working in the court, whether paid or volunteer, including— (A) clerks, special

The rolls of a manor court. In the 13th century landowners were beginning to catalogue their; is and enrol the proceedings of their courts. The court roils show that there was a la

As used in this chapter the word “courts” includes the courts of appeals and district courts of the United States, the United States District Court for the District of the Canal Zo

Ecclesiastical courts (g. v.)

See Ecclesiastical courts.

called respectively the which administer justice among the miners The Forest Courts existed for the governforests, to punish injuries to the vert, venison, comprised the courts of

It is well settled that the 62d article of war does not vest, nor purport to vest, exclusive jurisdiction in courts-martial, and that civil courts have concurrent jurisdiction over

In English law. Courts composed of two or more commissioners, called "judges of assize" (or of assize and nisi prius), who are twice in every year sent by the queen's (or king's) c

District Courts.

In English law. Co.urts of limited local jurisdiction formerly held before the mayor and jurats (aldermen) of the Cinque Ports.

English courts for the collection of small debts.

The Judicature sists of the High Court of Justice and the Court of Appeal, both of which are superior courts of record. In itself it performs no judicial function. To the High Cour

Cour de Cassation (from cassor, to reverse, because it only affirms or reverses) is the highest court in France (the Tribunal des Conflits possibly excepted). It is composed of for

the county courts, of Virginia were courts of general jurisdiction; and were inferior only in the sense that their judgments might be revised by some appellate tribunal

The term “Courts of Indian Offenses” means the courts established pursuant to part 11 of title 25, Code of Federal Regulations.

The Court of Appeal consists of the Lord Chancellor, the Lord Chief Justice, fhe Master of the Rolls, the Lord Chief Baron of the Exchequer and two Lords Justices of Appeal. The Hi

See "Courts of Requests." COURTS OF OYER AND TERMINER and general gaol delivery. They are held before commissioners selected by the queen, among whom are usually two justices of th

Same as Courts of assize and nisi prius.

A species of private courts of a llmited though extensive jurisdiction, which, upon the thorough reduction of that principality and the settling of its polity in the reign of Henry

Ordinary, Orphans' or Surrogate's courts. Sometimes there is a State court of criminal jurisdiction or a criminal branch of a court of general jurisdiction, termed the (111.) Court

Those whose judicial acts and proceedings are enrolled in parchment, for a perpetual memorial and testimony, which rolls are calied the "records of the court," and are of such high

Inferior courts, in England, having local jurisdiction in claims for small debts, established in various parts of the kingdom by special acts of parliament. They were abolished in

or COURTS of conscience. In English law. Courts of special jurisdiction, constituted by act of parliament in the city of London and other towns, for the recovery of small debts. Th

See Courts of conscience .

The Court of - of the Inner House, and the Outer House. The former has two divi the lord President and three Judges constitute the first division: the Lord Justice Clerk and three

courts of a special and limited jurisdiction, which are created on such principles, that their judgments taken alone are entirely disregarded, and the proceedings must show their j

such courts are courts of special and not of general jurisdiction, and consequently there is no presumption in favor of their jurisdiction where the facts requisite to show it do n

Courts for the heading of appeals by owners or masters of ships, from orders for the detention of unsafe ships, made by the English board of trade under the merchant shipping act o

In English law. Courts of limited local jurisdiction, formerly held before the mayor and jurats (aldermen) of the Cinque Ports. A writ of error lay to the lord warden in his court

Courts held in counties palatine.

Courts held for the enforcement of the forest laws. The lowest of these was the YVoodinote, or I of Attachments (q. v.). The next was the Swainmote (q. i".). The highest was the Co

Jurisdictions in the early Norman period which rested upon royal grants — often assumed. Edward I., in 1274, sent out commissioners to enquire by what warrant different laudowners

In English law. See "Chancellors' Courts in the Two Universities."

all the courts in which seamen may have occasion to enter and prosecute suits.

have jurisdiction in all personal actions to which any member or servant of the respective university is a party, provided that the cause of action arose within the liberties of th

The superior courts, both of law and equity, were for centuries fixed at Westminster, an ancient palace of the monarchs of England. Formerly, all the superior courts were held befo

in a court of that character, the relations between the court and the attorneys and counsellors who practise in it, and their respective rights and duties, are regulated by the com

an invitation to collectively engage in a legitimately prohibited activity." Ante, at 132.

where a Court has jurisdiction, it has a right to decide every question which occurs in the cause; and whether its decision be correct or otherwise, its judgment, until reversed is

Sometimes means a cousin bymarriage. A similar usage obtains as to the words " nephew " and " niece." A person spealdng of another by his name and relationship is likely to be most

The son or daughter of the brother or sister of one's father or mother. The issue, respectively, of two brothers or two sisters, or of a brother and a sister. Those whc descend fro

See "Cosinage." COUSTUM (Fr.) Custom; duty; toll. 1 Sharswood, Bl. Comm. 314. COUSTUM I ER (Fr.) A collection of customs and usages in the old Norman law.

Moore, 817. The company of wicked men makes me also wicked.

Fr. Cost, charge. Eelham.

Custom; duty; toll; tribute, 1 Bl. Comm. 314.

(Otherwise spelled "Gousturmer" or "Coutumier.") In old French law. A collection of customs, unwritten laws, and forms of procedure. Two such volumes are of especial importance in

Toll; tribute.

The harborer of an outlaw.

Against common right or law; contrary to the rule of the common law. Bract, fol. 48b.

An officer of the exchequer that writeth out summons twice every year, to the sheriffs, to levy the rents and debts of the pipe. Blount.

sax. A person Covenable,^;^. Convenable.

In French law, is the deposit ("margin") made by the client in the hands of the broker, either of a sum of money or of securities, in order to guaranty the broker for the payment o

L I. In old English law. To convict; to condemn in a civil action; to find guilty. Convictus de perjurio: convicted of perjury.

Fr. Curfew. Eelham. See Curfew.

1. An advisory body selected to assist the governor of a State in his official determinations. King's councils. To assist him in the discharge of his duties, the maintenance of his

gr.-l In the civil law. A dealer in V. Argentarius.

A French word signifying convenient or suitable; as covenably endowed. It is anciently written "convenable." Termes de 1a Ley.

Inherent covenants are such as are joyed; shall be kept in repair; shall not be aliened, or, if sold, that the lessor shall have the first refusal; to make further assurances and t

An agreement under seal between two or more parties, by which some of them engage with the others, or some of them, that some act has or has not, or shall or shall not, be done. Se

The action a contract under seal. Covenant to stand seised. uses, in which, in covenants to stand seised the possession is vested solete. Covert Covered; protected. Coverture: the

In practice. The name of one of the modern forms of actions ex contractu, which lies for the recovery of damages for breach of a covenant, or contract under seal. 1 Arckb. Nisi Pri

JOINT. A joint thing together. In this case although there are several covenantors there is but one contract, and if the covenant be broken, all the covenantors living must be sued

SEVERAL. A several covenant is one entered into by one person only. It frequently happens that a number of persons enter into the same contract, and that each binds himself to perf

A covenant securing the grantee against claims of third parties in the land. See 68 Ohio St. 450, 96 Am. St. Rep. 672, 67 N. E. 896.

One which has for its object security against those rights to, or interests in, the land granted which may subsist in third persons to the diminution of the value of the estate, th

Those which run with the land.

A covenant which is conversant about some collateral thing that doth nothing at all, or riot so immediately concern the thing granted; as to pay a sum of money in gross, etc. Shep.

One in whose favor a covenant is made.

Same as covenantor.

An executory covenant is one to be ee at a future time. Shep. ouch. 161.

The grantor’s covenant to make any further conveyance necessary to perfect the title. See 26 Mo. 517.

In covenant for non-payment of rent, payable at different times, a new action lies as often as the respective sums become due and payable.

An assurance against the consequences of a defective title, and of any disturbances thereupon. Piatt, Cov. 312. By it, when general in its terms, the covenantor stipulates at all e

A covenant expressed in words, or inserted in a deed in specific terms.

A covenant which is conversant about the land, and knit to the estate in the land; as that the thing demised shall be quietly enjoyed, shall be kept in reparation, shall not be ali

A covenant implied by law from certain words in a deed

One entered into by a party who has a cause of action at the time of making it, by which he agrees not to sue the party liable to such action. A perpetual covenant not to sue is on

See Covenant.

A covenant sometimes employed, particularly in the New England States, and in deeds of extinguishment of ground rents' in Pennsylvania, that neither the vendor, nor his heirs, nor

An assurance by the covenantor that the grantor has sufficient capacity and title to convey the estate which he by his deed undertakes to convey.

An assurance by the covenantor that the grantor has sufficient capacity and title to convey the estate which he by his deed undertakes to convey.