Law Dictionary

CROSS, in chancery practice... A cross bill is one which. is brought by a defendant in a suit against the plaintiff, respecting the matter in question in that bill.- Coop. Eg. Pl.

SINGLE, contracts, is a writing by which one person or more, promise to another or others, to pay him or them a sum of money at a time therein specified, without any condition. It

SUPPLEMENTAL, chancery practice. A supplemental bill is occasioned by some defect in a suit already instituted, whereby the parties cannot obtain complete justice, to which otherwi

TRUE, vide True Bill.

A bill.

That the bill be quashed.

(That the bill be quashed.) In practice. The form of the judgment rendered for a defendant on a plea in abatement, where the proceeding is by bill; that is, where the suit is comme

A bill of exchange.

A bill of lading. BILLA VERA (Lat. a true bill). The form of words indorsed on a' bill of indictment, when proceedings were conducted in Latin, to indicate the opinion of the grand

A true bill.

In mereantile law. <A book in which an account of bills of exchange E and promissory notes, whether payable or receivable, is stated.

In Scotch law. A department of the court of sessions, in which petitions for suspension, interdict, etc., are entertained. It is equivalent to sittings in chambers in the English a

A soldier's quarters in a civilian's house; or the ticket which authorizes him to occupy them. In French law. A bill or promissory note. Billet a ordre, a bill payable to order. Bi

A bill or petition exhibited in parliament.—Cowell.

In French law. A contract to furnish a bill of exchange; a contract to pay the value of a bill of exchange already furnished. Guyot, Rep. Univ. Where a person intends to furnish a

Quartering them in the houses of citizens.

Lat. In old English law and practice. A billet, bill or memorandum of the delivery of a writ, which the statute of Westminster 2, (c. 39,) allowed parties to require of the sheriff

The term “billfish” means any species of marlin, spearfish, sailfish or swordfish. / In this section the term “billfish”— (1) means any fish of the species— (A) Makaira nigricans (

In equity practice. One filed in a court of equity praying for an injunction after a judgment at law when there is any fact which renders it against conscience to execute such judg

A bill in equity to cancel a written instrument.

In equity practice. One which is filed by a mortgagee against the mortgagor, for the purpose of having the estate sold, thereby to obtain the sum mortgaged on the premises, with in

A bill seeking the correction of an error in a deed or other written instrument.

A bill in equity to compel the performance of a contract. See 16 N. J. Eq. 256.

A printed form on which merchants and traders make out their bills and render accounts to their custo 9. In the law of negotiable instruments. A promissory obligation for the payme

A bill which assumes as its basis the principle of a decree and seeks merely to carry it into effect. Story, Eq. PI. § 249. For instance, where all the facts do not distinctly appe

The complaint in suit in equity.

it is a proceeding in the nature of a bill in equity to foreclose a mortgage, in which the facts as well as the law are to be decided by the court; and an appeal, and not a writ of

a man of double tongue, in a Iegal sense is the name of a jury who pass in any case between a citizen and an alien; a jury de medictate lingua. Cunn. Dict. This kind of jury is abo

For purposes of this subsection, the term “billing unit” means the identifiable quantity associated with a billing and payment code, as established by the Secretary.

A bill filed when new parties, with new interests, arising from events happening since the suit was commenced, are brought before the court; wherein it differs from a supplemental

The essential of the bill in the nature of interpleader is that it calls upon the court to exercise its jurisdiction to guard against the risks of loss from the prosecution in inde

A bond absolute for the payment of money. It is called, also, a single bill, and differs from a promissory note only in having a seal. 2 Serg. & R. (Pa.) 115, See Read; PI. 236; We

A writing signed by a merchant, ship owner, or master to testify that goods shipped on board a certain vessel are at the venture of another person, he himself being answerable only

In Scotch law. A petition in writing, by which a party to a cause applies to the supreme court to call the action out of the inferior court to itself.

An abolished, criminal prosecution. Wharton. See "Battel."

Bills of attainder were acts of Parliament whereby sentence of death was pronounced against the accused. Courts of justice were employed only to register the edict and carry the se

A bill prayins for a writ oi certiorari. Sep "Certiorari."

In equity practice. One filed by an executor or administrator, who finds the affairs of the deceased so much involved that he cannot safely administer the estate except under the d

A statement of the items which form the total amount of the costs of a suit or action. See "Costs."

the payment of money; a "bill of attainder" refers to the conviction of an offence by a legislature; so of the word "law", an "ex post facto" law refers to one which inflicts a pun

An ancient term, including promissory notes and bonds for the payment of money. Comyn, Dig. "Merchant." (F 2).

The rationale of the remedy, when used as an auxiliary process in aid of trials at law, is simplicity itself. At times, cases will not be proved, or will be proved clumsily or wast

A statement required by the revenue laws of the consignor, consignee, origin, destination, and character of goods entered at the custom house for export or import.

the exception must show that it was taken and reserved by the party at the trial, but it may be drawn out in form and sealed by the judge afterwards.

A bill of exceptions is altogether unknown in chancery practice; nor is a court of chancery bound to inscribe in an order book, upon the application of one of the parties, an order

There is certainly no precise form of words necessary to constitute a Bill of Exchange, yet from the earliest time to the present, merchants have agreed upon nearly the same form,

It is said, that a bill of exchange is, in theory, an assignment to the payee of a debt due from the drawee to the drawer. This is undoubtedly true, where the bill has been accepte

the court is of opinion, that if any person who endorses a bill of exchange to another, whether for value, or for the purpose of collection, shall come to the possession thereof ag

against the mortgagor, for the purpose of having the estate sold, and thereby to obtain the sum mortgaged on the premises with interest and costs. 1 Madd. Ch. Pr. 528.

A complainant, seeking the aid of a court of chancery under such circumstances, must state in his bill distinctly the particular act of fraud, misrepresentation, or concealment,—mu

In French maritime law. Any written instrument which contains a contract of bottomry, respondentia, or any other kind of maritime loan. There is no corresponding English term. Hall

or vessel therein named comes from a place where no contagious distempers prevail, and that none of the crew at the time of her departure were infected with any such distemper. It

An act of parliament frequently passed in England for the relief of officers who have not properly qualified, as by failure to take the oath of office, etc. Abbott; Wharton.

the bills, or presentments, found by a grand Jury, amount to nothing more than an official accusation, in order to put the party accused upon his trial: 'till the bill is returned,

In equity practice. One which is instituted by the attorney general or other proper ofi Bcer in behalf of the state, or of those whose rights are the objects of its care and protec

Assertion by the complainant of entire disinterestedness is essential to a bill of interpleader. In such a bill it is necessary to aver that the complainant has no interest in the

The name of a bill in equity to obtain a settlement of a question of right to money or other property adversely claimed, in which the party fling the bill has no interest, although

the signing of a bill of lading, acknowledging that merchandise had been received in good order and condition, is prima facie evidence that, as to all circumstances which were open

In this paragraph, the terms “bill of materials” and “formula” mean records kept in the normal course of business that identify each component incorporated into a manufactured or p

An old form of process similar to a capias, issued out of the court of king's bench in personal actions, directed to the sheriff of the county of Middlesex (hence the name), and co

A written statement or account of the number of deaths which have occurred in a certain district during a given time, usually spoken of in the plural. In some places, as in London,

a legislative act which inflicts punishment without a judicial trial where the punishment is less than death; within the meaning of the Constitution, bills of attainder include bil

An account containis usually transmitted with the goods to the purchaser, in order that, if any mistake have been made, it may be corrected.

In practice. A detailed informal statement of a plaintiff's cause of action, or of the defendant's setoff, furnished by one party to the other in compliance with a statute, rule or

Those only who have a clear, legal, and equitable title to land connected with possession, have any right to claim the interference of a court of equity to give them peace or dissi

In English law. The form of proceeding against an attorney of the court, who is not liable to arrest. Brooke, Abr. "Bille;" 12 Mod. 163; 3 Bl. Comm. 289.

In English practice. The claim made by a third person to the subject-matter in dispute between the parties to a suit in the court of the mayor of London. 2 Chit. Prac. 492; 1 Marsh

A bill of review is called for only after a final decree—one that finally adjudicates upon the entire merits, leaving nothing further to be done except the execution of it. For thi

The bill of revivor was, in no just sense, an original suit; but was a mere continuation of the original suit. The parties to the original bill were citizens of different states; a

In equity practice. One which is a compound of a supplemental bill and bill of revivor, and not only continues the suit, which has abated by the death of the plaintiff, or the like

In constitutional law. A formal and public declaration or assertion, in writing, of popular rights and liberties, usually expressed in the form of a statute, or promulgated on occa

The constitution was ordained and established by the people of the United States for themselves, for their own government, and not for the government of the individual states... If

A written agreement, often under seal, by which one person transnot essential. 14 Wall. (U. S.) 244. It is in frequent use in the transfer of personal property, especially that of

A written description of goods, supposed to be inaccurate, but made as nearly exact as possible, furnished by an importer or his agent to the proper officer of the customs, to proc

In English law. A kind of license granted at the custom house to merchants to carry such stores and provisions as are necessary for their voyage, custom free. Jacob., BILL OF SUFFE

A license exempting from duty a merchant trading between English ports.

In English law. A license granted at the custom-house to # merchant, to suffer him to trade from one English port to another, without paying custom. Cowell.

In mercantile law. A bill of exchange accepted, or a promissory note made, by a merchant, whereby he ha.s engaged to pay money. It is so called as being payable by him. An account

In contracts. A written obligation, by which a debtor acknowledges himself indebted in a certain sum, and binds himself for the payment thereof in a larger sum. Bonds with conditio

This bill was, in its origin, merely a bill of discovery, and quia timet. Before the answer was filed, the original defendants are alleged to have sold the slaves, and, by that act

The jurisdiction of a court of chancery to grant perpetual injunctions for quieting inheritances, after the right and matter in question has been fairly settled by concurring verdi

In mercantile law. A promissory note, bill of exchange, or other written security for money payable at a future day, which a merchant holds. So called because the amounts for which

A written promise to pay to a person or persons named a stated sum at a stated time, without any condition. When under seal, as is usually the case, it is sometimes called a "bili

bills of pains and penalties.

Both descriptions of notes may be properly described as bills of credit, for both are furnished by the government; both are issued on the credit of the government; and the governme

The authority to issue bills of exchange not being one expressly given by statute, can only arise as an incident to the exercise of some other power. When it becomes the duty of an

Bills of lading, letters of correspondence, and all other papers on board, which relate to the ship or cargo, are also considered as prima facie evidence of the facts they speak; b

Bills of pains and penalties were acts denouncing milder punishments. The term 'bill of attainder' in the National Constitution is generical, and embraces bills of both classes.

commerce, are engagements which a merchant has entered into in writing and which he is to pay on their becoming due. Pard. n. 85.

commerce, are promissory notes, bills of. exchange, bonds, and other evidences or securities which a merchant or trader holds and which are payable to him. Pard. n. 85.

In equity practice. An order which the court of chancery makes when the defendant does not file an answer, that the plaintiff may take such a decree as the case made by his bili wa

A bill in equity to abate a public nuisance, filed by one who has sustained special damages, has succeed to the former mode in England of an information in Chancery, prosecuted on

A bill in equity in aid of the execution of a decree.

See "Marshalling Assets."

See "Marshalling Securities."

To sustain a bill of this character, it must appear that the facts which the plaintiff expects to prove by the testimony of the witnesses sought to be examined will be material in

a bill will [not] lie to dispel mere verbal assertions of ownership as clouds on title, [nor], invoking equity interposition on the ground of the removal of clouds, [may] decrees .

A bill in equity to confirm a valid title by one in possession against possible claimants.

In this country, the lands of the United States, lying within the States, are held and subject to be sold (under the authority of Congress), as lands may be held and sold by indivi

In equity practice. One brought to avoid or suspend a decree under special circumstances. BILL TO TAKE TESTIMONY DE BENE esse. In equity practice. One which is brought to take the