A Dictionary of Law

A pedigrea; a table of relationship.

Inold Englshlaw, A graffer, notary, or scrivener. St. 6 Hon. Vie. 1.

Anotaryorscrivener. Sea St.5 Hen. VIII. c.1. The word is a corruption of the French “greffier,” (q. v.)

A writing-book, register, or eartulary of deeds and evidences. Cowell.

A term used in equity to denote the confirmation, by relation back, of the right of a mortgagee in premises to which, at the making of the mortgage, the morbgagor had only an imper

In Troy weight, the twentyfourth part of a penny weight, Any kind of corn sown in the ground.

An ancient duty in London under whieh the twentieth part of salt imported by aliens was taken.

In England, this term designates a school in which such instruction is given as will prepare the student to enter a college or university, and in this sense the phrase was used in

(Grieco- Lat. ) Inthe civil law. A place for keeping writings or records. Dig. 48, 19, 9, 6.

The unit of weight in the Inetric system. The gramme is the weight SS of a cubic centimeter of distilled water at the temperature of 49°C. It is equal to 15.4341 grains troy, or 5.

In old English law. An officer having charge of a granary. Fleta, lib. 2, c. 82, § 1; Id. ec. 84. GRAND ASSI“E. A peculiar species of trial by jury, introduced in the time of Henry

In En- An expression which is understood to refer to the instrument whereby a ship was originally transferred from the builder Lo the owner, or first purchaser. 3 Kent, Comin. 183.

In practice. A judicial writ in the old real actions, which issued for the demandant where the tenant, after being duly summoned, neglected to appear on the return of the writ, or

Tihechild of one’s ehild.

A collection of customs, laws, and forms of procedure in use in carly times in France. See Couru-

In English practice. Certain days in the terms, which are solemnly kept in the inns of court and chancery, viz., Candlemas day in Hilary term, Ascension day in Easter, St. John the

WRIT OF. A writ formerly issued in the real action of quare impedit, when uo appearance had been entered after the attachment; it commanded the sheriff to distrain the defendant’s

The father of either of one’s parents.

A jury of inquiry, consisting of from twelve to twenty-three men, who are summoned and returned by the sheriff to each session of the criminal courts, and whose duty is to receive

In criminal law. In England, simple larceny was originally divided into two sorts,—grend larceny, where the value of the goods stolen was above twelve pence, and petit larceny, whe

The mother of either of one’s parents.

A species of tenure in capite, resembling knight-service, as the service or render was of a free and honorable nature and military in its character. Bui the tenant by grand serjean

A keeperofagrange or farm.

A farmfurnished with barns, granaries, stables, and all conveniences for busbandry. Co. Litt. 5a.

A grange. Co. Litt. 5a.

A generic term applicable to all transfers of real property. 8 Washb. Real Prop. 181, 353. A transfer by deed of that which cannot be passed by livery. Williams, Real Prop. 147, 14

The person to whoma grant is made.

Thecommon grant with uses superadiled, which has become the favorite mode of transferring realty in England. Wharton.

In old English law. Noblemen or grindees. Jacob.

In old records. The grazing or turning up the earth with a plow. The name of a customary service for inferior tenants to bring their plows, and do one day’s work for their lords. C

orGRASSUM. A fine paid upon the transfer of a copyheld estate.

Rogation week, so

A slang term for a woman separated from er husband by abandonment or prolonged absence; a woman living apart from her husband. Webster.

A gratuity; a recompense or reward for services or benefits, given voluntarily, without solicitation or promise.

Freely; gratuitously; without reward or consideration.

A voluntary assertion; a statement which a party is not legally bound to make, or in which he is not held to precise accuracy. 2 Kent, Comm. 486; 6 Mete. ( Mass.) 260.

Without valuable or legal consideration. A term applied to deeds of conveyance, In old English law. Voluntary; without foree, fear, or favor. Gract. fols. 11, 17.

In the civil law. One which tends wholly to the benefit or advantage of one of the parties, without any compensation, proiit, or gain moving to the other.

Instruments inade without binding consideration.

Inold English law. A grove; a small wood; acoppice or thickeb. Co. Litt. 46. A thiek wood of high trees. Blount.

The burden or gist of a charge; the grievance or injury specially complained of. In English ecclesiastical law. A grievance complained of by the clergy before the bishops in convoc

Anaccusation or impeachment. Leg. lithel. c. 19.

A sepulcher. A place where a dead body is interred.

Grievous; great. Ad grave damnum, to the grievous damage. 11 Coke, 40.

A graf; a chief magistrate or officer. A term derived from the more ancient “gvato,” and used in combination with various other words, as an official title Gravius est divinam quam

The person by whom a grant is made.

An inno of court. Sea Inns oF Court.

All manner of beasts except sheep and yearlings. 2 Rolle, 173.

Magna Charte, (g. vd.)

THE, or “The Body of Laws of the Province of Pennsylvania and Territories thereunto belonging, Past at an Assembly held at Chester, alias Upland, the 7th day of the tenth month, ca

In English law. A seal by virtue of which w great part of the royal authority is exercised. The office of the lord chancellor, or lord keeper, is created by the delivery of the gre

In English ecclesiastical law. Tithes of corn, pease and beans, hay and wood. 2 Chit. Bl. Comm. 24, note; 3 Steph. Comm. 127,

Satisfaction for an offense committed or injury done. Cowell.

<A colloquial expression tosignify a time indefinitely remote, there being no such division of time known to the Greeks.

The popular and almost exclusive name applied to all United States treasury issues. Itis not applied toany other species of paper currency; and, when employed in testimony by way o

In forest law. Thesame as vert, (g. v.) Termes de la Ley.

In French law. Registrars, or clerks of the courts. They are ollicials attached to the courts to assist the judges in their duties. They keep the minutes, write out the judgments,

The codeor collection of constitutions made by the Roman jurist Gregorius. See Copex GREGORIANUS.

Thetime from which the Gregorian calendar or computation dates; z. ¢., from the year 1582.

In Spanish law. A guild; an association of workmen, artificers, or merchants following the same trade or business; designed to protect and further the interests of their craft.

Lat. The bosom or breast; hence, derivatively, safeguard or protection. In English law, an estate which is in abeyance is said to be in gremio legis; that is, in the protection or

The statute 10 Geo, II. c. 16, by which the jurisdiction over parliamentary election petitions was transferred from the whole house of commons to select committees. Repealed by 9 G

In English law. A customary fine due from a copyhold tenant on the death of the lord. 1 Strange, 654; 1 Crabb, Real Prop. p. 615, $778. Called also “grassum,” and “yrossome.”

A marriige celebrated at Gretna, in Dumfries, (bordering on the county of Cumberland, ) in Scotland. By the law of Scotland a valid mar- Tiuge may be contracted by consent alona, w

Inold records. Theseashore, sand, or beach. 2 Mon. Angl. 625; Cowell

Agegrieved. 3 East, 22.

Peace; protection. Termes de la Ley.

Sax. Breach of the king’s peace, as opposed to frithbrech, a breach of the nation’s peace with other nations.

Sax. In Saxonlaw. A seat, chair, or place of peace; a sanctuary; a stone within a church-gate, to which an offender might flee.

In old English law. A merchant or trader who engrossed all vendible merchandise; an engrosser. St. 37 Edw. Ill. c. 5. See ENGROSSER.

Inold records. A deep hollow or pit; a bog or miry place. Cowell.

In England. An officer of the royal household, who has charge of the king's wardrobe.

Formerly an ofiicer belonging to the royal household. Jacob.

Great; culpable. General. Absolute or entire. <A thing in gross exists in its own right, and not as an appendage to another thing.

In maritime law. A loan on bottomry. So named be cause the lender, in case of a loss, or expense incurred for the common safety, must contribute to the gross or general average.

In maritime law. A contribution made by the owners of a ship, its cargo, and the freight, towards the loss sustained by the voluntary and necessary sacrifice of property for the co

Timber. Cowell.

Fr. Largely, greatly. Grossement enseint, big with child. Plewd. 76.

Hore le French marine law. The contract of bottomry. Ord. Mar. liv. 3, tit. 5.

Inthe law of bailment. The want of slight diligence. The want of that care which every man of cars which even inattentive and thoughtless men never fail to take of their own proper

The whole weight of goods and merchandiso, including the dust and dross, and also the chest or bag, et¢., upen which tare and tret are allowed.

Aterm of the Scotchlaw. See

A custom or tribute paid for the standing of shipping in port. Jacob.

In Scotch law. An annual rent of two kinds: Jirst, the feu duties payable to the lords of erection and their successors; se-ond, the rents reserved for building lots ina city, wher

The grantor of an estate on which a ground-rent is reserved.

A perpetual rent reserved to himself and his heirs, by the grantor of land in fee-simple, out of the land conveyed. It isin the nature of an emphyteutic rent. Also, in English law,

By the English common-law procedure act, 1852, c. 121, “it shall not be necessary to issue any writ directed to the sheriff of the county in which the venue is laid, but writs of e

A crop must be considered and treated as a growing crop from the. time the seed is deposited in the ground, as at that time the seed loses ihe qualities of a chattel, and becomes a

A rate paid in some places for the tithe of every fat beast, ox, or other unfruittul cattle. Clayt. 92.

The principal officers of a forest.

In old European law. A pledge. Spelman; Calyin. A custom. Spelman, Spelled also “ wadia.”

He to whom a guaranty is made. This word is also used, as a noun, to denote the contract of guaranty or the obligation of a guarantor, and, as a verb, to denote the action of assum

He who makes a guaranty.

o. Toundertake collaterally to answer for the payment of another's debt or the performance of another's duty, liability, or obligation; to assume the responsibility of a guarantor;

7.

n. A promise to answer for the payment of some debt, or the per- {s Hable to such payment or performance. Fell, Guar. 1; 3 Kent, Comm. 121; 6ON. Y. 458, 1 Miles, 277. A guaranty is

A guaranty or insurance against loss in case a person named shall make a designated default or be guilty of specified conduct. Itis usually against the misconduct or dishonesty of

or WARDEN, OF THE

The father, and, on his death, the mother, of a child. the person of the child to the age of twentyone years. Sometimes called “natural guardjan,” but this is rather a popular than

A guarajan appointed for a child by the deed or last will of the father, and who has the custody both of his person and estate until the attainment of full age. This kind of guardi