Black's Law Dictionary

The interpretation of deeds is to be liberal, that the thing may rather have effect than fall. Broom, Max. 543.

Jenk. Cent. 198. Such an interpretation is to be adopted that the thing may rather stand than fall.

The art or process of discovering and expounding the intended signification of the language used in a statute, will, contract or any other written document, that is, the meaning wh

A section of a statute which defines the meaning of certain word? occurring frequently in the other sections.

In cases of ambiguity, such an interpretation should always be made that what is inconvenient and absurd may be avoided. 4 Inst 328.

A person sworn at a trial to interpret the evidence of a foreigner or a deaf and dumb person to the court Amory v. Fellowes, 5 Mass. 226; People v. Lem Deo, 132 Cal. 199, 64 Pac. 2

Between four walls. Fleta, lib. 6, c. 55, § 4.

In English law. Among the things belonging to the sovereign. Among these are rights of salmon fishing, mines of gold and silver, forests, forfeitures, casualties of superiority, et

An interval between reigns. The period which elapses between the death of a sovereign and the election of another. The vacancy which occurs when there is no government.

In French law. An act which contains the interrogatories made by the judge to the person accused, ob the facts which are the object of the accusation, and the answers of the accuse

A set or series of written questions drawn up for the purpose of being propounded to a party in equity, a garnishee, or a witness whose testimony is taken on deposition; a series o

In terror or warning; by way of threat. Applied to legacies given upon condition that the recipient shall not dispute the validity or the dispositions of the will; such a condition

Lat. To the terror of the pcople. A technical phrase necessary in indictments for riots. 4 Car. & P. 373.

Lat. Interruption. A term used both in the civil and common law of prescription. Calvin.

2 Inst. 654. Frequent interruption does not take away a prescription once secured.

The occurrence of some act or fact, during the period of prescription, which is sufficient to arrest the running of the statute of limitations. It is said to be either "natural" or

Among the lllit-erate or unlearned.

The point of intersection of two roads is the point where their middle llnes intersect. In re Springfield Road, 73 Pa. 127.

Among themselves. Story, Partn. § 405.

Between two or more states; between places or persons in different states; concerning or affecting two or more slates politically or territorially. —Interstate commerce. Traffic, i

Traffic, intercourse, commercial trading, or the transportation of persons or property between or among the several states of the Union, or from or between points in one state and

The act of congress of February 4, 1887 (U. S. Comp. St. 1901, p. 3154), designed to regulate commerce between the states, and particularly the transportation of persons and proper

A commission created by the interstate commerce act (q. v.) to carry out the measures therein enacted, composed of five persons, appointed by the President, empowered to inquire in

The reclamation and surrender, according to due legal proceedings, of a person who, having committed a crime in one of the states of the Union, has fled into another state to evade

That branch of private international law which affords rules and principles for the determination of controversies between citizens of different states in respect to muinal rights

An intervener is a person who voluntarily interposes in an action or other proceeding with the leave of the court.

See Damages.

In international law. Intervention is such an interference between two or more states as may (according to the event) result in a resort to force; while mediation always is, and is

Between hnsband and wife.

Between the llving; from one living person to another. Where property passes by conveyance, the transaction is said to be inter vivos, to distinguish it from a case of succession o

Lat. A witness incompetent to testlfy. Calvin.

One who has not testamentary capacity; e. g., an infant, lunatic or person civilly dead.

The state or condition of dying without having made a valid will. Brown v. Mugway, 15 N. J. Law, 331.

In wills we more especially seek out the intention of the testator. 3 Bulst. 108; Broom, Max. 555.

Dig. 50, 17, 12. In wills the intention of testators is more especially regarded. "That is to say," says Mr. Broom, (Max., 568,) "a will will receive a more liberal construction th

In wills an unexpressed meaning ought not to be considered, but the words alone ought to be looked to; so hard is it to recede from the words by guessing at the intention.

Without making a will. A person is said to die intestate when he dies without making a will or dies without leaving anything to testify what his wishes were with respect to the dis

The succession of an heir at law to the property and estate of his ancestor when the latter has died intestate, or leaving a will which has been annulled or set aside. Civ. Code La

A succession is called "intestate" when the deceased has left no will, or when his will has been revoked or annulled as irregular. Therefore the heirs to whom a succession has fall

Lat. In the civll law. Intestate; without a wlll. Calvin.

Lat. In the civil and old English law. An intestate; one -who dies without a will. Dig. 50, 17, 7.

A person dies intestate who either has made no testament at all or has made one not legally valid; or if the testament he has made be revoked or made useless; or if no one becomes

Lat. In witness; in evidence whereof.

In the civil law. A notification to a party that some step in a legal proceeding is asked or will be taken. Particularly, a notice given by the party inking an appeal, to the other

In English law. Every person commits a misdemeanor, punishable with a fine or imprisonment, who wrongfully uses violence to or intimidates any other person or his wife or children,

This, by statute in several of the states, is made a criminal offense. Under an early Pennsylvania act, it was held that, to constitute the offense of intimidation of voters, there

An old form of "entitle." 6 Mod. 304.

In old records. Toll or custom paid for things imported and exported or bought in and sold out. Cowell.

In the law of divorce, this term denotes extreme cruelty, cruel and inhuman treatment, barbarous, savage, and inhuman conduct, and is equivalent to any of those phrases Shaw v. Sha

In so many words; in precisely the same words; word for word

In the whole; wholly; completely; as the award is void in toto.

In the whole the part also is contained. Dig. 50, 17, 113.

Any liquor used as a beverage, and which, when so used in sufficient quantities, ordinarily or commonly produces entire or partial intoxication; any liquor intended for use as a be

The state of being poisoned; the condition produced by the administration or introduction into the human system of a poison. But in its popular use this term is restricted to alcoh

Lat. In; near; within. "Infra" or "inter" has taken the place of "intra" in many of the more modern Latin phrases.

Within the space of a year. Co.d. 5, 9, 2. Intra annale tempus. Id. 6, 30, 19.

In the delivery of writings, not what is said, but what is done, is looked to. 9 Coke, 137a.

Within belief; credible. Calvin.

In the passage over; on the voyage over. See Sir William Scott, 3 C. Rob. Adm. 141.

In mining law, the term "intraliminal rights" denotes the right to mine, take, and possess all such bodies or deposits of ore as lie within the four planes formed by the vertical e

Within the time of mourning. Cod. 9, 1, authi

Within the walls (of a house.) A term applied to domestic or menial servants. 1 Bl. Comm. 425.

In transit; on the way or passage; while passing from one person or place to another. 2 Kent, Comm. 540552; More v. Lott, 13 Nev. 383 ; Amory Mfg. Co. v. Gulf, etc., R Co, 89 Tex.

Betwcen walls; among friends; out of court; without litigation. Calvin.

Within the defenses. See Infra Phæsidia.

Within the four seas. Shep. Touch. 378.

L. Lat. To drain a marsh or low ground, and convert it into herbage or pasture.

See Commerce

An act is said to be intra vires ("within the power") of a person or corporation when it is within the scope of his or its powers or authority. It is the opposite of ultra vires, (

Lat. Common and ordinary duties with the lord's court.

The intrinsic value of a thing is its true, inherent, and essential value, not depending upon accident, placo, or person, but the same everywhere and to every one. Bank of North Ca

The part of a writing which sets forth preliminary matter or facts tending to explain the subject.

In Scotch law. The assumption of authority over another's property, either legally or illegally. The irregular intermeddllng with the effects of a deceased person, which subjects t

In French ecclesiastical law. Enthronement. The installation of a bishop in his episcopal see.

One who enters upon land without either right of possession or color of title. Miller v. McCullough, 104 Pa. 630; Russel v. Chambers, 48 Ga. 479. In a more restricted sense, a stra

A species of injury by ouster or amotion of possession from the freehold, being an entry of a stranger, after a particular estate of freehold is determined, before him in remainder

Lat. A view; regard; contemplation. Diverso intuitu, (q. v.,) with a different view.

To take effect; to result. Cedar Rapids Water Co. v. Cedar Rapids, 118 Iowa, 234, 91 N. W. 1081; Hinson v. Booth, 39 Fla. 333, 22 South. 687; Holmes v. Tallada, 125 Pa. 133, 17 Atl

Use; user; servico to the use or benefit of a person. Dickerson v. Colgrove, 100 U. S. 583, 25 L. Ed. 618.

Useless and fruitless labar is not the effect of law. Co. Litt. 127b. The law forbids such recoveries whose ends are vain, chargeable, and unprofitable. Id; Wing. Max. p. 110, max.

Without object; without concomitants or coherence.

To pledge or mortgage lands.

A pledge or mortgage.

One who is under pledge; one who has had sureties or pledges given for him. Spelman.

In gage or pledge. 2 Bl. Comm. 157.

Vain; inadequate to its purpose; not of binding force or legal efficacy; lacking in authority or obligation. Hood v. Perry, 75 Ga. 312; State v. Casteel, 110 Ind. 174, 11 N. E. 219

An encroachment upon the rights of another; the incnrsion of an army for conquest or plunder. Webster. See Æt-na Ins. Co. v. Boon, 95 U. S. 129, 24 L. Ed. 395.

The inquisition of ser-jeanties and knights' fees. Cowell.

Lat. In the civil law. Things carried in and brought in. Articles brought into a hired tenement by the hirer or tenant, and which became or were pledged to the lessor as security f

He who finds a libel and does not destroy it is punished. Moore, 813.

To find out something new; to devise, contrive, and produce something not previously known or existing, by the exercise of independent investigation and experiment; particularly ap

In the civil law. Finding; one of the modes of acquiring title to property by occupancy. Heinecc. llb. 2, tit 1, § 350. In old English law. A thing found; as goods or treasure-trov

In patent law. The act or operation of finding out something new; the process of contriving and producing something not previously known or existing, by the exercise of independent

One who finds out or contrives some new thing; one who devises some new art, manufacture, mechanical appliance or process; one who invents a patentable contrivance. See Sparkman v.

A detailed list of articles of property; a list or schedule of property, containing a designation or description of each specific article; an itemized list of the various articles

L. Fr. In his mother's womb; spoken of an unborn child.

Lat. Found. Thesaurus inventus, treasure-trove. Non est inventus, [he] is not found.

Let the surety be holden for the true quantity, unless he agree for a certain quantity, Bean v. Parker, 17 Mass. 507.

Jenk. Gent 132. In the construction of words, not the mere words, but the thing and the meaning, are to be inquired after.

To make proof of a thing. Jacob.