Black's Law Dictionary

Fresh uncultivated ground. Mon. Angl. t. 2, p. 56. Fresh; not salt Reg. Orig. 07. Recent or new. See Fbesh, and sub-titles thereunder.

Sax. Peace, security or protection. This word occurs in many compound terms used in Anglo-Saxon law. —Frithborg. Frank-pledge. Cowell. —Frith-bote. A satisfaction or fine for a bre

Frank-pledge. Cowell.

A satisfaction or fine for a breach of the peace.

The breaking of the peace.

The year of jubilee, or of meeting for peace and friendship.

Guildhall; a company or fraternity fur the maintenance of peace and security ; also a fine for breach of the peace. Jacob.

A member of a company or fraternity.

Surety of defense. Jurisdiction of the peace. The franchise of preserving the peace. Also spelled "fnthaohen."

A spot or plot of land, encircling some stone, tree, or well, considered sacred, and therefore affording sanctuary to criminals.

The stool of peace. A stool or chair placed in a church or cathedral, and which was the symbol and place of sanctuary to those who fled to it and reached it.

An answer or plea is called "frivolous" when it is clearly insufficient on iis face, and does not controvert the materlal points of the opposite pleading, and is presumably interpo

One which at first glance can be seen to be merely pretensive, setting up some ground which cannot be sustained by argument Dominion Nat. Bank v. Olympia Cotton Mills (O. Ct) 128 F

The fruits of another's property; fruits taken from another's estate.

An immunity for committing manslaughter. Mon. Angl. t. 1, p. 173.

In English law a frontager is a person owning or occupying land which abuts on a highway, river, sea-shore, or the like. The term is generally used with reference to the liability

In international law. That portion of the territory of any country which lies close along the border line of another country, and so "fronts" or faces it. The term means something

Lat. In the civil law. One who had the usufruct of a thing; i. e„ the use of the fruits, profits or increase, as of land or animals. Inst. 2, 1, 36, 38. Bracton applies it to a les

Lat. In the civil law. Fruit, fruits; produce; profit or increase; the organic productions of a thing. The right to the fruits of a thing belonging to another. The compensation whi

All revenues and recompenses which, though not Jruits, properly speaking, are recognized as such by the law. The term includes such things as the rents and income of reni property,

The fruits (produce or yield) of land.

Industrial fruits, or fruits of industry. Those fruits of a thing, as of land, which are produced by the labor and industry of the occupant, as crops of grain ; as distinguished fr

Those products which are produced by the powers of nature alone; as wool, metals, milk, the young of animals. Sparrow v. Pond, 49 Minn. 412, 52 N. W. 36, 16 L. R. A. 103, 32 Am. St

The produce or increase of flocks or herds.

Hanging fruits; those not severed. The fruits united with the thing which produces them. These form a part of the principal thing.

Separate fruits; the fruits of a thing when they are separated from it. Dig. 7, 4, 13.

Standing fruits; those not yet severed from the stalk or stem. Fructus angent hæreditatem. The yearly increase goes to enchance the inheritance. Dig. 5, 3, 20, 3. Fructus pendentes

In the civil law. Anything produced from vines, underwood, chalk-pits, stone-quarries. Dig. 50, 16, 77. Grains and leguminous vegetables. In a more restricted sense, any esculent g

The produce of a tree or plant which contains the seed or is used for food. This term, in legal acceptation, is not confined to the produce of those trees which in popular language

The produce of any possession detached therefrom, and capable of being enjoyed by itself. Thus, a next presentation, when a vacancy has occurred, is a fruit fallen from the advowso

In the law of evidence. Material objecte acquired by means and in consequence of the commission of crime, and sometimes constituting the subject-matter of the crime. Burrill, Circ.

Grain which is sown is understood to form a part of the soil. Inst. 2, 1, 32.

In the civil law. Grain. That which grows in an ear. Dig. 50, 16, 77.

Sax. The first payment made to the kindred of a slain person in recompense for his murder. Blount.

Sax. In Saxon law. A chief seat or mansion house. Cowell.

In old records. Uncultivated and desert ground. 2 Mon. Angl. 327; Cowell.

A breaking; plowing. Cowell.

He sues to no purpose who cannot prosecute hla judgment with effort, [who cannot have the fruits of hls judgment.] Fleta, lib. 6, c. 37, § 9.

An event is vainly expected from which no effect follows.

Laws are made to no purpose, except for those that are subject and obedient. Branch, Prlnc.

That is done to no purpose by many things which can be done by fewer. Jenk. Cent. p. 68, case 28. The employment of more means or instruments for effecting a thing than are necessa

He vainiy Invokes the aid of the law who transgresses the law. Fleta, llb. 4, c. 2, § 3; 2 Hale, P. C. 386; Broom, Max. 279, 297.

In vain you ask that which you will have immediately to restore. 2 Kames, Eq. 104; 5 Man. & G. 757.

Jenk. Co.nt. 256. You ask in vain that which you might immediately be compelled to restore to another.

That is proved to no purpose which, when proved, does not help. Halk. Lat. Max. 50.

That power is to no purpose which never comes Into act, or which is never exercised. 2 Coke, 51.

A piece or parcel of land lying by itself. Co. Litt. 5b.

In old records. A place overgrown with shrubs and bushes. Spelman; Blount.

In Spanish law. Fruits; products; produce; grains; profits. White, New Recop. hi 1, tit. 7, c. 5, § 2.

In old English law. The affording harbor and entertainment to any one.

Sax. In old English law. A plain between woods. Co. Litt. 5b. An arm of the sea, or a strait between two lands. Cowell.

In old records. Grass; herbage. 2 Mon. Angl. 906b; Cowell.

Approved men who were strong-armed; habentes homines or rich men, men of substance; pledges or bondsmen, who, by Saxon custom, were bound to answer for each other's good behavior.

In medical jurisprudence. Destruction of the fœtus; the act by which criminal abortion is produced. 1 Beck, Med. Jut. 288; Guy, Med. Jur. 133.

In the civil law. The produce of animals, and the fruit of other property, which are acquired to the owner of such animals and property by virtue of his right. Bowyer, Mod. Civil L

In medical Jurisprudence. An unborn child. An infant in ventre sa mire.

Hearth money. A tax laid upon cach fire-place or hearth. An imposition of a shilling for every hearth, levied by Edward III. in the dukedom of Aquitaine. Spelman; 1 Bl. Comin. 324.

A fine or mulct paid for theft.

As one of the objects of the police power of the state, the "public henith" means the prevailingly healthful or sanitary condition of the general body of people or the community in

In old English law. Flight. It is of two kinds: (1) Fuer in fait or in facto, where a person does apparently and corporally flee; (2) fuer in ley or in lege, when, being called in

In Spanish law. A law; a code. A general usage or custom of a province, having the force of law. Strother v. Lucas, 12 Pet. 446, 9 L. Ed. 1137. Ir contra fuero, to violate a receiv

The body of laws and customs which formerly governed the Castilians.

A special tribunal taking cognizance of all matters relating to the post-office and roads.

A special tribunal taking cognizance of ali matters in relation to persons serving in the army.

A special tribunal taking cognizance of all matters relating to the navy and to the persons employed therein.

The title of a compilation of Spanish law, published about A. D. 992. Schm. Civil Law, Introd. 65.

In old English law. A drove of cattle. Blount.

A chase. Blount.

Lat. He has made flight; he fled. A clause inserted in an Inquisition, in old English law, meaning that a person indicted for treason or felony had fled. The effect of this is to m

In old English law. A privilege to hunt Blount. A driver. Fugatores carrucarum, drivers pf wagons. Fleta, llb. 2, c. 78.

In Scotch practice. To outlaw, by the sentence of a court; to outlaw for non-appearance in a criminni case. 2 Alls. Crim. Pr. 350. —Fugitatiou. When a criminal does not obey the ci

When a criminal does not obey the citation to answer, the court pronounces sentence of fugitation against him, which induces a forfeiture of goods and chattels to the crown.

One who flees; always used in law with the implication of a flight, evasion or escape from some duty or penalty or from the consequences of a misdeed. —Fugitive from justice. A per

A person who, having committed a crime, flies from the state or country where it transpired, in order to evade arrest and escape justice. Roberts v. Reilly, 116 U. S. 80 , 6 Sup. C

In English law. Where a person accused of any offense punishable by imprisonment, with hard labor for twelve months or more, has left that part of his majesty's dominions where the

One who, held in bondage, flees from his master's power.

An act of congress passed in 1793 (and also one enacted in 1850) providing for the surrender and deportation of slaves who escaped from their masters and fled into the territory of

In the civil law. A fugitive; a runaway slave. Dig. 11, 4; Cod. 6, 1. See the various definitions of this word ip Dig. 21, 1, 17.

Fr. In medical Jurisprudence. Ambulatory automatism. See Automatism.

Ample; complete; perfect; mature; not wanting In any essential quality. Mobile School Com'ra v. Putnam, 44 Ala. 537; Reed v. Hazleton, 37 Kan. 321, 15 Pac. 177; Quinn v. Donovan, 8

The age of legal majority, twenty-one years at common law, twenty-five in the civil law. 1 Bl. Comm. 463; Inst. 1, 23, pr.

In pleading. A complete and meritorious answer; one not wanting in any essential requisite. Bentley v. Cleaveland, 22 Ala. 817; Durham v. Moore, 48 Kan. 135, 29 Pac. 472.

A term of relation, denoting descent from the same couple. Brothers and sisters of full blood are those who are bam of the same father and mother, or, as Justinian calls them, "ex

In equity practice. A complete and unabbreviated transcript of a bill or other pleading, with ali indorsements, and including a copy of all exhibits. Finley v. Hunter, 2 Strob. Eq.

A session of a court which is attended by ali the judges or justices composing it.

See COVENANT.

In pleading. The formula of defense in a plea, stated at length and without abbreviation, thuB: "And the said C. D., by ES. F., his attorney, comes and defends the force (or wrong)

See Indorsement.

See Full.

The union of a good title with actual possession.

A fleam or stream of water. Blount

The English equivalent of the Latin phrase "plene administravit;" being a plea by an executor or administrator that he has completely and legally disposed of all the assets of the

In old English law. The same as fuage or smoke farthings. 1 BL Comm. 324. See Fuage.

Office; duty; fulfillment of a definite end or set of ends by the correct adjustment of means. The occupation of an office. By the performance of its duties, the officer is said to

In medical jurisprudence. One which prevents, obstructs or interferes with the due performance of its special functions by any organ of the body, without anatomical defect or abnor

A public officer or employe. An officer of a private corporation Is also sometimes so called.

Lat Having fulfilled the function, discharged the office or accomplished the purpose, and therefore of no further force or authority. Applied to an officer whose term has expired,

n. A sum of money set apart for a specific purpose or available for the payment of debts or claims. In its narrower and more usual sense, "fund" signifies "capital," as opposed to

See Error.

The law which determines the constitution of government in a state, and prescribes and regulates the manner of its exercise; the organic law of a state; the constitution.