A Dictionary of Law

In Scotch law. A traveler or merchant stranger, Skene.

In old English law. A bundle or pack; a fardel. Fieta, lib. 1, « 22, § 10.

In old English law. The fourth part of a yard-land. Ney says an eighth only, because, according to bim, two fardels make a nook, and feur nvoks a yard-lind. Wharton.

The fourth part of an acre of land. Spelman.

A voyage or passage by water; also the money paid for a passage either by land or by water. Cowell. The price of passige, or the sum paid or to

A mill: atoll of meal or flour. Jacob; Spelman.

Money paid by tenants in lieu of a heriof. It was often applied to the best chattel, as dis Linguished from Heriot, the best beast. Cowell. €.

Whoremongers and adulterers.

<A certain amount of provision reserved as the rent of a messuage. Spelman, Rent generally which is reserved on a lease; when it was to be paid in money, it was called “blanche fir

1. Thelesseeofafarm. Itis said that every lessee for life or years, although it be but of a small house and land, is called “farmer.” This word implies no mystery, except it be tha

Operative worda in a lease, which strictly mean to let upon payment of a certuin rent in farm; i. ¢., in agricultural produce.

To let for a term ata stited rental. Among the Romans the collection of revenue was farmed out, and in England taxes and tolls sometimes are.

An unlawful game of cards, In which all the other players play against the banker or dealer, staking their money upon the order in which the cards will lie and be dealt from the pa

Lat. An ill-composed book containing a collection of miscellanecus subjects not properly associated nor scientifically arranged. Wharton.

The fourth part of an English penny.

In Georgia, a “fast” bill of exeeptions is one which may be taken in injune tion suits and similar cases, at auch time and in such manner a8 to bring the case up for review with gr

<A day of fasting and penitence, or of mortification by religious abstinence, See 1 Chit. Archb. Pr. (12th Ed.) 160, et seq.

or FASTING-MEN. Men in repute and substance; pledges, surelies, or bondsmen, who, according to the baxon polity, were fast bound to answer for euch other's peaceable behavior. Enc.

Real property, A term sometimes used in wills. 6 Jolns. 185; ON. ¥. 502,

In Romanlaw. Lawful. Dies fasti, lawful days; days on which justice could lawfully be administered by the praator. See Digs Fast. Fatotur facinus gui judicinm fugit. 3 Inst. 14. He

Approved men who were strong-armed; habentes homines or rich men, men of substance; pledyes or bondsmen, who, by Saxon custom, were bound to answer for each other’s good behavior.

A nautical measure of six feet In length, _

Failure of the defendant to produce a record which he has alleged and reliea on in his plea.

Awhore. Du Fresne.

In old English law. Fatuity; idiocy. Reg. Orig. 266.

Mental weakness; foolishness; imbecility; idiocy,

Lat. Fate; a superhuman if power; an event or cause of loss, beyond human foresight or means of prevention.

One entirely destitute of reason; és gut omnino desipit. Ersk. Inst. 1, 7, 48.

An idiot or fool. Bract. fol. 4208, Foolish; absurd; indiscreet; or ill considered. Jfatuwm judicinm, a foolish judgment or verdict. Applied to the verdict of a jury which, thougi

In French law, and in Louisiana. <A cistriet or part of a town adjoining the princ’pal city; a suburb, See 18 La. 286.

(Jaws of the land.) Narrow headlands and promontories, inclosing a portion or arm of the sea within them. 1 Kent, Comm. 367, and note; Hale, De Jure Mur. 10; 1 Story, 251, 259.

Inthe civil law. Negligence; wat of care, An improper act or omission, injurious to another, and transpiring through negligence, rashness, or ignorance. There are in law three degr

In old English law. A favorer or supporter of others; an abettor. Cowell; Jacob. <A partisan. One who encouraged resistance to the execution of process, In Spanish law. Accomplice;

In old English lew. Falso; counterleit. Faux action, a false action. Litt. § 688. Faue money, counterfeit money. St. Westm.1,¢.15. Faux peys, false weights. Britt. ec. 20. Faux ser

In feudal law. Fidelity; allegiance to the feudal lord of the manor; the feudal obligation resting upon the tenant or vassal by which he was bound to be faithful and true to his lo

A doing; the doing of an act. A making; the making of an indenture, release, or obligation. Litt. § 371; Dyer, (Fr, Ed.) 56. ‘The making of a statute. Keilw. 1b,

Certain established festivals er holidays in the ecclesiastical ealendar. These days were anciently used as the dates of legal instruments, and in England the quarter-days, for pay

Among the ancient Romans, that order of priests who discharged the duties of ambassadors. -Subsequently their duties appear to have related wore particularly to the declaring war a

The nearest approach to a sysiem of international law known tothe anelent world. It was a branch of Roman jureceived this name from the feciales, (q. 0.4) who were charged with its

In constitutional law. A term commonly nsed to express a league or compact between two or more states. In American law. Belonging to the general government or union of the states,

The aystem of government administered in a state formed by the union or confederation of several independent or quasi independent states; also the composite state so formed. In str

<A schedule of the fees to be charged by clerks of courts, sheriffs, or other otficers, for each particular service in the line of their duties.

Yo lend additional support; to strengthen ex post facto. “The interest when it acerues feeds the estoppel.” 5 Mood. & R. 202.

‘This isa species of tenure, where land is held of another in perpetuity at a yearly rent, without fealty, homage, or other services tian suchas are specially comprised in the feof

This estate, af the common law, was a fee resirained to some particular heirs, exclusive of others. But the statute De Donis converted all such into estates tail. 2 Bl. Comm. 110.

An estate tail; an estate of inheritance given to a man and the heirs of his body, or limited to certain classes of particular heirs. It corresponds to the feudwm talliatum of the

Inold Englishlaw. A thief caught while escaping with the stolen goods in his possession. Spelman.

The name given to certain secret tribunals which flourished ‘many of the funetions of the government which were too weak to maintain law and order, and inspiring dread in all who c

or DEADLY FRUDE. A German word, signifying implacable hatred, not to be satisfied but with the death of the enemy. Such was that among the people in Scotland and in the northern pa

In practice. An action brought on a pretended right, when the plaintiff has no true cause of action, for some illegal purpose. In a feigned action the words of the writ are true. I

Simulated maladies. Diseases are generally feigned from one of three causes,—fear, shame, or the hope of gain.

An issue made up by the direction of a court of equity, (or by consent of parties,) and sent to a commonlaw court, for the purpose of obtaining the verdict of a jury on some disput

In Saxonlaw. One bound tor another by oath; a sworn brother. A friend bound in the decennary for the good behavior of another. One who took the jlave of the deceased. ‘Thus, if a p

A field; in composition, wild. Blount,

FEAL. L. Fr. Faithful. See

A companion; one with whom we consort; one joined with another in some legal status or relation; a member of a coliege or corporate body.

<A co-heir; partner of the same inheritance.

“The decided weight of authority is to the effect that all who serve the same master, work under the same control, derive authority and compensation from the same common source, an

Felony. The act or offense by which a vassal forfeited his fee, Spelman; ik Pe; feloniam, with a eriminal in- Co. Litt. $91. Felonia, ox vi termini significat quodet capitals crime

Feloniously. Anciently an indispensable word in indictments for felony, und classed by Lord Coke among those voces artis ( words of art) which cannot be expressed by any periphrasi

In crimitallaw. The offense of killing a human creature, of any age or sex, without justification or excuse. Tlisre are two degrees of this offense, manslaughter and murder. 4 Bl.

An _ indispensable word in modern indictments for felony, as felonice was in the Latin forms. 4 Bl, Comm. 307.

COMPOUNDING OF. Sea CoMPOUNDING FELONY.

The statute 33 & 34 Vict. c, 23, abolishing forfeitures for felony, and sanctioning the appointment of interim eurators and administrators of the property of felons. Mozley & Whitl

Thesex which conceives and gives birth to young, Also a member of sucli sex,

A married woman. Generally used in reference to the legal disabilities of a married woman, 43 compared with the condition of a feme sole.

A single woman, incloding those who have been married, but whose marriage bas been dissolved by death or di- M voree, and, for most purposes, those women who are judicially separat

In English law. A married woman, who, by the custom of London, trades on her own account, independently of her husband; so called because, with respect to her trading, she is the s

The killing of a woman. Wharton.

A married woman; a feme covert. Feemins ab omnibus officiis civilibus vel publicis remote sunt. Women are exeluded from all civil and public charges or offices. Dig. 50, 17,2; 1 Ex

Of or pertaining to females, or the female sex,

In forest law. The fawning of deer; the fawning season. Spelman.

vt. In old Scotch law. To defend or protect by formalities. To “fence a court” was to open it in due form, and interdict all manner of persons from disturbing their proceedings. Th

or DEFENSE-

Usury; tlhe gain of interest; the practice of increasing money by lending.

In Saxon law. A tax or imposition, exacted for the repelling of enemies.

A champion, hero, giant, This word, in the plural, is generally used to signify invaders or foreign spoilers. ‘The modern meaning of “fenian” is a member of an organization of pers

Belonging to a fee or feud; feudal. More commonly used by the old writers than feudal.

Real actions; so called in the old books, as originally relating to feoda, fees, or estatesinland. Mirr.c. § 6; 3 Bi. Comm. 117.

Fidelity or fealty. Cowell. See FEALTY.

See Freupar Sys

The customs of feuds. The nameof acompilation of feudal laws and customs made at Milanin the twelfth century. It is the most ancient work on the subject, and was alwaya regarded, o

An ofiicer of the court of wards, appointed by the master of that court, under 52 Hen. VIII. c. 26, whose business it was Lo be present with the escheator in every county at the fi

In feudal law. The grantee of a feod, feud, or fee; the vassal or tenant who held lis estate by feudal service, Termes de la Ley. Blackstone uses “/eudatory.” 2 Bl. Comm. 46.

In old English law. Fee-farm, (g. 0.)

The lessee of a fee-farm.

This word (meaning a feud or fee) is the one most commonly used by the older English law-writers, though ils equivalent, “feudum,” is used generally by the more modern writers and

A feud which levolyed upon a vassal from his intestate an- —. Feodum est quod quis tenet ex quaeunque causa sive sit tenomentum sive reditus. Co. Litt. 1. <A fee is that which auy

A fief for which the tenant did guard and owed homage. Spelman.

A feud acquired by a vassal himself. Feodum simplex quia feodum idem est quod hereditas, et simplex idem est quod legitimum vel purum; et sic feodum simplex idem est quod hereditas

A feofiment. 2 Bl. Comm, 310.

‘To enfeoff; to bestow a fee. The bestower was called “feoffator,” and the grantee or feoffee, “feaffatus.”

In old English law. A feoitor; one who gives or bestows a fee; one who makes a feoffment. Brict. fols. 120, 81.

A person to whom land was conveyed for the use of a third party. The latter was called “cesiut que use.”

The gift of any corporeal hereditament to another, (2 Bl. Comm. 310,) operating by transmutation of possession, and requiring, as essential to its completion, that the seisin be pa

A feoffment of lands to one person to the use of another.

The person making a feolfment, or enfeofiing another in fee. 2 JBI. Comm. 310; Litt. §§ 1, 57.

This Saxon word meant originally cattle, and thenee property or money, and, by a second transition, wages, reward, or fee. It was probably the original form from which the words “f

Wild heasts. FER@ NATURA. Lat. Of a wild nature or disposition. Animals which are by nature wild are so designated, by way of distinction from such as are naturally tame, the latte