Black's Law Dictionary

A term applied to the records of a surrogate's court 8 East, 187.

A book in which a merchant keeps his accounts generally and enters therein from day to day a record of his transactions. McKnight v. Newell, 207 Pa. 662, 57 Atl. 39. A book kept fo

A place where books, writings, or evidences were kept. Cowell.

1. A general designation applied to any literary composition which is printed, but appropriately to a printed composition bound in a volume. Scoville v. Toland, 21 Fed. Cas. 864. 2

A detailed statement, kept in writing in a book, in the nafure of debits and credits between persons, arising out of contract or some fiduciary relation; an account or reconi of de

In Pennsylvania practice. The act of 28th March, 1895. § 2, in using the words, "book debt" and "book entries, refers to their usual signification, which includes goods sold and de

In English law. Land, also called "charter-land," which was held by deed under certain rente and free services, and differed in nothing from free socage land. 2 Bl. Comm. 90.

In Scotch law. The original records of criminal trials in the court of justiciary.

An account or enumeration of the duties or tariffs authorized by parliament. 1 Bl. Comm. 316.

In Scotch law. An account which the directors of the chancery kept to enter all non-entry and relief duties payable by heirs who take precepts from chancery.

Ail the volumes which contnin authentic reports of decisions in English courts, from the earliest times to the present, are called, par excellence, "The Books." Wharton.

The books in which merchants, traders, and business men generally keep their accounts. Parris v. Bellows, 52 Vt. 351; Com. v. Williams. 9 Mete, (Mass.) 273; Wilson v. Wilson. 6 N.

In Saxon law. Allodial lands held by deed or other written evidence of title.

An inclosure formed upon the surface of a stream or other body of water, by means of piers and a chain of spars, for the purpose of collecting or storing logs or timber. Powers' Ap

A charge on logs for the use of a boom in collecting, storing or rafting them. Lumber Co. v. Thompson, 83 Miss. 499, 35 South. 828. A right of entry on riparian lands for the purpo

A company formed for the purpose of improving streams for the floating of logs, by means of booms and other contrivances, and for the purpose of running, driving, booming, and raft

In English law. Certain days in the year (sometimes called "due days") on which tenants in copyhold were obliged to perform corporal services for the lord. Whishaw.

Certain rent com, anciently so called. Cowell.

An old Saxon word, equivalent to "estovers."

Property captured from the enemy in war, on land, as distinguished from "prize," which is a capture of such property on the sea. U. S. v. Bales of Cotton, 28 Fed. Cas. 302; Co.olid

An old Saxon word, signifying a cottage; a house; a table.

In old English law. A species of base tenure, by which certain lands (termed "bord lands,") were anciently held in England, the tenants being termed "bordarii;" the service was tha

A cottage.

In old English law. Tenants of a less servile condition than the villani, who had a bord or cottage, with a small parcol of land, allowed to them, on condition they should supply t

In Saxon law. A breach or violation of suretyship; pledge-breach or breach of mutual fidelity.

In French law. A note enumerating the purchases and sales which may have been made by a broker or stockbroker. This name is also given to the statement given to a banker with bills

A process granted by a judge ordinary, on either side of the border between England and Scotland, for arresting the person or effects of a person living on the opposite side, until

A customary small toll paid to the lord of a town for setting up boards, tables, booths, etc., ip fairs or markets. '

The demesnes which the lords keep in their hands for the mainte-nanco of their board or table. Cowell. Also lands held in bordage. Lands which the lord gave to tenants on condition

A service anciently required of tenants to carry timber out of the woods of the lord to his house; or it is said to be the quantity of food or provision which the bordarii or bordm

A tenure of bord-lands.

Country people; derived from the French bourre, (Lat. floccus,) a lock of wool, because they covered their heads with such stuff. Blount.

In Saxon law. A pledge, pledge giver or surety. The name given among the Saxons to the head of each family composing a tithing or decennary, each being the pledge for the good cond

A breach or violation of suretyship or of mutual fidelity. Jacob.

In Saxon law. The name given to the head of each family composing a tithing.

In old Scotch law. A pledge or surety given by the seller of goods to the buyer, to make the goods forthcoming as his own proper goods, and to warrant the same to him. Skene.

In English law. A town, a walled town. Co. Litt 108b. A town of note or importance; a fortified town. Cowell. An ancient town. Litt. 164. A corporate town that is not a city. Cowel

In English law. Private and limited tribunals, held by prescription, charter, or act of parliament, in particuiar districts for the convenience of the inhabitants, that they may pr

A custom prevalent in some parts of England, by which the youngest son iuberits the estate in preference to bis older brothers. 1 Bl. Comm. 75.

In English law. The revenues of a municipal borough derived from the rents and produce of the land, houses, and stocks belonging to the borough in its corporate capacity, and suppl

Borough-holders, bors-holders, or burs-holders.'

The chief municipal officer in towns unincorporated before the municipal corporations act, (5 & 6 Wm. IV. c. 76.)

Court9 of limited criminal jurisdiction, established in English boroughs under the municipal corporations act.

To solicit and receive from another any article of property or thing of value with the intention and promise to repay or return it or its equivalent. Strictly spcaking, borrowing i

In old Scotch law. A pledge.

In Saxon law. The borough's ealder or headborough, supposed to be In the discreetest man in the borough, town or tithing.

In English law. The food which wood and trees yield to cattle; browse-wood, mast, etc. Spelman. An ancient duty of wind-fallen wood in the forest. Manwood.

Wood-houses or ox-houses.

Wood; growing wood of any kind, large or small, timber or coppice. Cowell; Jacet).

In old English law. A recompense or compensation or profit or advantage. Also reparation or amends for any damage done. Necessaries for the muinte-nance and carrying on of husbandr

In old English law. Without amends; without the privilege of making satisfaction for a crime by a pecuniary payment; without relief or remedy. Cowell.

In old English law. A booth, stall or tent to stand in, in fairs or markets. Cowell.

Customary dues paid to the lord of a manor or sell, for the pitching or standing of booths in fairs or markets.

In old Scetch law. A park where cattle are inclosed and fed. Bothna also signifies a barony, lordship, etc. Skene.

L. Fr. Bottomry.

In maritime law. A contract in the nature of a mortgage, by which the owner of a ship borrows money for the nse, equipment or repair of the vessel, and for a definite term, and ple

The instrument embodying the contract or agreement of bottomry. The true definition of a bottomry bond, in the sense of the general maritime law, and independent of the peculiar re

Fr. The mouth. An allowance of provision. Avoir bouche d court; to have an allowance at court; to be in ordinary at court; to have meat and drink scot-free there. Blount; Cowell.

A certain allowance of provision from the king to his knights and servants, who attended him on any military expedition.

In feudal law. A symbol which gave seisin of land, to hold of the donor in capite.

When a broker is employed to buy and sell goods, he is accustomed to give to the buyer a note of the sale, commonly called a "sold note," and to the seller a like note, commonly ca

The word "boulevard," which originally indicated a bniwark or rampart, and was afterwards applied to a public walk or road on the site of a demolished fortification, is now employe

As an adjective, denotes the condition of bsing constrained by the obligations of a bond or a covenant. In the law of shipping, "bound to" or "bound for" denotes that the vessel sp

By boundary is understood, in general, every separation, natural or artificlal, which marks the confines or line of division of two contiguous estates. Trees or hedges may be plant

In English law. Sheriffs' officers are so called, from their being usually bound to the sheriff in an obligation with sureties, for the due execution of their office. 1 Bl. Comm. 3

A tree marking or standing at the corner of a field or estate.

In American law. Visible marks or objects at the ends of the lines drawn in surveys of land, showing the courses and distances. Burrill.

In the English law of mines, the trespass committed by a person who excavates minerals under-ground beyond the boundary of his land is called "working out of bounds."

A gratuity or an unusual or additional benefit conferred upon or compensation paid to, a class of persons. Iowa v. McFarland, 110 U. S. 471, 4 Sup. Ct. 210, 28 In Ed. 198. A premiu

Portions of the public domnin given to soldiers for military services, by way of bounty.

A name given to a royal charter, which was" confirmed by 2 Anne, c. ll, whereby all the revenue of first-fruits and tenths was vested in trustees, to form a perpetual fund for the

In old French law. An assemblage of houses surrounded with walls; a fortified town or vlllage. In old English law. A borough, a vlllage.

In old French law. The inhabitant of a bourg, (q. v.) A persen entitled to the privileges of a municipal corporation; a burgess.

Fr. An exchange; a stock-exchange.

In the French law. An aggregation, sanctioned by government, of merchants, captains of vessels, exchange agents, and courtiers, the two latter bsing nominated by the government, in

In French marine law. A compass; the mariner's compass.

Dutch. In old New York law. A farm; a farm on which the farmer's family resided.

Dutch. In old New York law. A farmer.

As much land as one ox can cultivate. Said by some to be thirteen, by others eighteen, acres in extent. Skene; Spelman; Co. Litt 5a.

An under-officer of the forest, whose duty it was to oversee and true inquisition make, as well of sworn men as unsworn, in every bailiwick of the forest; and of all manner of tres

Manufacturers of bows and shafts. An ancient company of the city of London.

A conspiracy formed and intended directly or, indirectly to prevent the carrying on of any lawful business or to injure the business of any one by wrongfully preventing those who w

In Spanish law. An advocate; one who pleads the causes of others or his own, before courts of justice, either as plaintiff or defendant.

An abbreviation for B ancus Reffis, (King's Bench,) or Bancus Reginœ, (Queen's Bench.) It is frequently found in the old books as a designation of that court In more recent usage,

An arm of the sea.

A brewing; the whole quantity of ale brewed at one time, for which tolsestor was paid in some manors. Brecina, a brew-house.

In Hindu law. A divine; a priest; the first Hindu caste.

An offshoot, lateral extension or subdivision. A branch of a family stock is a group of persons, related among themselves by descent from a common ancestor, and related to the main

This term, as used at common law, included rivers in which the tide ebbed and flowed. Arnold v. Mundy, 6 N. J. Law, 86, 10 Am. Dec. 356.

One possessing a license, commission, or certificate of competency issued by the proper authority and usually after an examination. U. S. v. Forbes, 25 Fed. Cas. 1141; Petterson v.

A lateral extension of a main line ; a road connected with or issuing from a main line, but not a mere incident of it and not a mere spur or side-track, not one constructed simply

To stamp; to mark, either with a hot iron or with a stencil plate. Dibble v. Hathaway, 11 Hun (N. Y.) 575.

An ancient mode of punishment by inflicting a mark on an offender with a hot iron. It is generally disused in civll law, but is a recognized punishment for seme mllitary offenses.

An instrument formerly used in seme parts of England for the correction of scolds; a scolding bridle. It inclosed the head and a sharp piece of iron entered the mouth and restraine

A maltster, a brewer.

Malt

A clamorous or tumultuous quarrel in a public placo, to the disturbance of the public peace. In English law, specifically, a noisy quarrel or other uproarious conduct creating a di

The breaking or violating of a law, right or duty, either by commission or omission. In contracts. The violation or non-fulfilment of an obligation, contract, or duty. A continuing

The uniawful or unwarrantable entry on another person's soil, land, or [close. 3 Bl. Comm. 209.

The nonperformance of any, covenant agreed to be performed, or the doing of any act [covenanted not to be done. Holthouse.